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Simultaneous Nitrification and Denitrification in a Sequencing Batch Reactor

Simultaneous Nitrification and Denitrification in a Sequencing Batch Reactor. Will Lambert Robert Nwaokoro Stephen Russo. SND in SBR. Nitrification/Denitrification Basics Introduction to SND Experimental Methods Results Conclusions Suggestions/Questions?.

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Simultaneous Nitrification and Denitrification in a Sequencing Batch Reactor

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  1. Simultaneous Nitrification and Denitrification in a Sequencing Batch Reactor Will Lambert Robert Nwaokoro Stephen Russo

  2. SND in SBR • Nitrification/Denitrification Basics • Introduction to SND • Experimental Methods • Results • Conclusions • Suggestions/Questions?

  3. Nitrification/Denitrification Basics • Why remove nitrogen? • Limiting nutrient in oceans and estuaries. • Nitrates in drinking water cause Methemoglobinemia • “blue-baby” syndrome.

  4. Nitrification/Denitrification Basics Organic Nitrogen Ammonia Fixation Ammonification Nitrification (aerobic) Nitrosomonas N2 (gas) Assimilation Denitrification (anaerobic) Nitrite Nitrification (aerobic) Nitrosobacters Denitrification (anaerobic) Nitrogen Cycle in Waste Treatment Nitrate

  5. SND in SBR • Nitrification/Denitrification Basics • Introduction to SND • Experimental Methods • Results • Conclusions • Suggestions/Questions?

  6. Introduction to SND • What is SND? • Simultaneous reactions occur of: • Ammonification • Nitrification • Denitrification • Normally occur in different steps • Why use SND? • Obstacles to SND • Solutions

  7. Introduction to SND • What is SND? • Why use SND? • Reduction of: • Cost • Energy • Sludge • Obstacles to SND • Solutions

  8. Introduction to SND • What is SND? • Why use SND? • Obstacles to SND • Nitrification is aerobic • Denitrification is anaerobic • Solutions

  9. Introduction to SND • What is SND? • Why use SND? • Obstacles to SND • Solutions • Achieve aerobic/anaerobic environment: • Low DO • 0.5 – 1 mg/L • Large flocs • Biofilms

  10. SND in SBR • Nitrification/Denitrification Basics • Introduction to SND • Experimental Methods • States • Testing Methods • Results • Conclusions • Suggestions/Questions?

  11. Experimental Methods: States • Fill with Waste • Run for 18.3 s • 140 mL delivered • Based on 459 mL/min peristaltic pump flow rate • Fill with Water • Aerate • Settle • Drain

  12. Experimental Methods: States • Fill with Waste • Fill with Water • Run for 350 s AND… • Reactor volume is 4 L over 5 s average • Fail safe if pump failed to deliver appropriate amount of fluid • Aerate • Settle • Drain

  13. Experimental Methods: States • Fill with Waste • Fill with Water • Aerate • Run time varied • 8, 18, 24 hours • Aeration rate controlled by PID control • Target DO = 0.5 mg/L • Settle • Drain

  14. Experimental Methods: States: Aerate • Proportional, Integral, and Derivative (PID) Control • Equation: • Trial and error determined P, I, and D values • Effective control was met when DO reached 0.5 mg/L

  15. Experimental Methods: States • Fill with Waste • Fill with Water • Aerate • Settle • Run for 1 hour • More than enough time for settling • Left unchanged • Drain

  16. Experimental Methods: States • Fill with Waste • Fill with Water • Aerate • Settle • Drain • Run until 1.2 L remained in reactor

  17. SND in SBR • Nitrification/Denitrification Basics • Introduction to SND • Experimental Methods • States • Testing Methods • Results • Conclusions • Suggestions/Questions?

  18. Experimental Methods: Testing Methods • Micro-Phenate Method • Determine ammonia concentration as ammonia/nitrogen • Standards consist of: • Phenol Solution • Sodium nitroprusside • Alkaline citrate • Sodium hypochlorite • Oxidizing Solution • Standards: 0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6 mg N-NH4/L • Spectrophotometer analysis at 640 nm • Nitrate-nitrogen standards • Sampling

  19. Experimental Methods: Testing Methods • Micro-Phenate Method • Nitrate-nitrogen standards • Cadmium gravimetric method • Hach Corporation: Nitriver ® and Nitraver ® reagent packets • Standards: 0, 2, 6, 10 mg N-NO3/L • Spectrophotometer analysis at 542nm • Sampling

  20. Experimental Methods: Testing Methods • Micro-Phenate Method • Nitrate-nitrogen standards • Sampling • End of aeration state • Filtered through Millipore filter • Refrigerated • Ammonia samples • Diluted by 10x

  21. SND in SBR • Nitrification/Denitrification Basics • Introduction to SND • Experimental Methods • Results • Conclusions • Suggestions/Questions?

  22. Results: PID Average DO = 0.505 mg/L Standard Deviation = 0.015

  23. Results: Ammonia Standards

  24. Results: Nitrate Standards

  25. Results: Samples Nitrate Concentrations Ammonia Concentrations

  26. Results: Total Nitrogen Removal

  27. SND in SBR • Nitrification/Denitrification Basics • Introduction to SND • Experimental Methods • Results • Conclusions • Suggestions/Questions?

  28. Conclusions • Total nitrogen removal efficiencies appeared to make sense • Broken down to nitrate and ammonia, unclear data • One long aeration cycle should have been run • Sampled periodically during that cycle • SND is possible at laboratory scale, • Easier at full scale • Achieve a more heterogeneous environment

  29. SND in SBR • Nitrification/Denitrification Basics • Introduction to SND • Experimental Methods • Results • Conclusions • Suggestions/Questions?

  30. Suggestions & Questions?

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