Asia Pacific Partnership on Clean Development & Climate Brown Coal ( Lignite ) Best Practices

1. Asia Pacific Partnership on Clean Development & Climate Brown Coal ( Lignite ) Best Practices Work Shop India - Country Perspective 23-27 th June2008

2. NTPC Delegates : I.K.Rajdeva, Additional General Manager, NTPC Ltd. A.Nagasundaram, Dy. Gen. Manager, NTPC Ltd. Saju K Sebastian, Dy. Gen. Manager, NTPC Ltd. P.S.Chatterjee, Chief Design Engineer, NTPC Ltd. CESC Delegates : Souvik Dutta, Station Manager, Southern generating Station, CESC Ltd . Kushal Bhowmick,  Senior Manager ( Environment),  CESC Ltd. THE INDIAN DELEGATION

3. Robust Economic Growth – THE DRIVER THE GDP GREW AT 9.6% DURING FISCAL 2007, AVERAGE RATE OF GROWTH OVER LAST 4 YEARS IS 8.6%. GDP GROWTH DURING 2008-09 IS EXPECTED TO BE around 9%. GDP GROWTH TARGET OF 9% SET BY GOVT. DURING XI PLAN (2007-2012). ELECTRICITY IS AN IMPORTANT INPUT TO THE MARCH OF PROGRESS OF ANY COUNTRY TODAY. IT IS THEREFORE NATURAL THAT THE GROWTH IN ELECTRICITY GENERATION & AVAILABILITY, BE COMMENSURATE WITH GROWTH IN GDP.

4. Existing Generating Capacity- March 2008 Sector wise break-up (MW) Fuel wise break-up (MW) (Excluding captive capacity of 14636 MW connected to grid) (All figures provisional from CEA) Total generation in 2007-08 – 704.45 BU

5. ALL INDIA PLANT LOAD FACTOR (%) - COAL FIRED THERMAL POWER STATIONS

6. Energy Shortage 9.8% 9.6% 8.3% 7.3% 7.1% 8.8% 7.5% 7.8% DURING 2007-08, PEAKING SHORTAGES WERE 16.6%

7. Per capita Consumption remains low In 2006 NATIONAL ELECTRICITY POLICY TARGETS PER CAPITA AVAILABILITY OF 1000 KWH BY 2012 Figures in kwh Source: UNDP Human Development Report 2007-08 – Data for 2004

8. Projected Capacity Requirements CAGR of 7.3% 778 GW 425 GW 220 GW 132 GW Source: Integrated Energy Policy GOI Large Capacity addition required to meet the demand

9. CAPACITY ADDITION EXPECTED DURING 11th PLAN (2007-12) (Conventional) – 78,520 MW Thermal – 59,513MW ( Coal – 51,890 MW, Gas- 5343 MW, Lignite- 2280 MW) Additional capacity expected : New Renewables – 14,000 MW : Captive – 12,000 MW

10. 11TH PLAN PROGRAMME (2007-2012) (Thermal+Hydro+Nuclear) Proposed : 78,577 MW Expected : 78,520MW 9,263 MW capacity already commissioned 60,214 MW (77%) under construction 10,950 MW - Letter of awards yet to be placed Fuel Availability for 96% of coal based stations – tied up 88% hydro capacity under construction /commissioned All gas based projects under execution or gas tied up from local sources Additional 13,000 MW gas based projects identified – subject to gas availability

11. 11TH PLAN PROGRAMMENON-CONVENTIONAL ENERGY PLANTS • Installed Capacity (as on 31.03.2008)- 11125 MW • 11th Plan target- 14,000 MW consisting of • Wind Power - 10,500 MW • Biomass PowerBaggasse Co-generation - 2,100 MW • Small Hydro (up to 25 MW) - 1,400 MW

12. CAPACITY ADDITION DURING XIITH PLAN (2012 - 2017)

13. Energy Efficiency GOVERNMENT’S STRAGTEGY / INITIATIVE FOR EFFICIENCY IMPROVEMENT NATIONAL THERMAL POWER CORPORATION LTD. - A PROFILE Setting the Scene today for a future-oriented Sustainable Energy production

14. INDIA’s ENERGY PROGRAMS AND POLICIES • Improving energy efficiency • Promoting Hydro and renewable energy • Power sector Reforms • Promotion of Clean coal technology • Energy infrastructure Development • Coal Washing • Environmental Quality Management

15. Demand of power is set to grow with growing economy Large capacity needs to be added to meet the projected growth in demand With Electricity Act 2003 coming into vogue, the power market is set to attract a lot of investors and competition With tariff based bidding becoming a norm, utilities have to bring down their cost of generation to remain competitive Increased emphasis on Environmental considerations for clean technology CDM opportunities arising out of global warming concerns Fuel, Land & Water availability becoming more and more difficult Efficiency enhancement feasible in future plants as well as existing plants DRIVERS FOR HIGHER PLANT EFFICIENCY

16. Improvement in efficiency and performance of existing generating units through : Renovation and Modernisation schemes with emphasis on Energy Efficiency Partnership in excellence. Establishment of Energy Efficiency cells at thermal power stations ( 37 cells in operation) Energy Conservation through legislation Thermal Power Stations notified as Designated consumers Promotion of Renewable Energy Sources 15,627 MW Capacity of Hydro Power planned in XIth Plan 30,000 MW Capacity of Hydro Power planned in XIIth Plan Retiring 5000 MW old capacity with low efficiency in 11th Plan Major Initiatives ……

17. Designated Consumers Notified Thermal Power Station Appoint Energy Manager Get Energy Audits conducted by Accredited Energy Auditors Implement techno-economic viable recommendations given by Accredited Energy Auditor Comply with norms of specific energy consumption fixed Submit report on steps taken Major Initiatives ….. Energy Conservation Act 2003 (EC Act)

18. Adoption of Clean Coal Technologies Supercritical / Ultra supercritical Technology Circulating fluidized bed combustion (CFBC) Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle (IGCC) Suitable for Indian Coal Presently Working to develop a Demonstration Project for IGCC along with suitable Partner, development of core technologies for gasifier & Gas cleaning systems suitable for High Ash Indian Coal. Major Initiatives……

19. Ultra Mega Power Projects(4000MW capacity) based on Supercritical Technology at various pithead and coastal locations.Envisaging Mandatory Higher size thermal units (660/800 MW) with Supercritical Parameters. It is estimated to commission 10 Nos. units of 660MW (XIth Plan) 2 Nos. units of 800MW (XIth Plan) 12 Nos. units of 660MW (XIIth Plan) 31 Nos. units of 800MW (XIIth Plan) Major Initiatives …..

20. Major Initiatives ….. • Supercritical Units of 660 MW Rating under construction • Supercritical Units of 800 MW Rating with higher steam temperature conditions under consideration

21. 43% 42% 320/600/620 (800-1000 MW) 280/600/620 (800-1000 MW) 41% 247/565/593 (660/800 MW) Gross Efficiency, GCV Basis 40% 247/537/565 (660 MW) 39% 170/537/537 (500 MW) 38% ‘00 ‘02 Xth Plan XIth Plan ‘12 XIIth Plan ‘17 XIIIth Plan ‘22 ‘07 The Efficiency Roadmap

22. The reported efficiency of Indian power plants is generally lower as compared to efficiency of plants abroad, primarily due to : Poorer condenser vacuum due to hot climatic conditions Higher unburnt carbon losses in boiler due to low grade high ash Indian coal Efficiency is reported on HHV basis of coal (same as the practice followed in USA) as against LHV used elsewhere. Lower Plant Efficiency in India Typical variation due to above = 3.0 to 4.0 % points (Approx.)

23. Heatrate Improvement over the Years

24. Member of Carbon Sequestration Leadership Forum (CSLF) Participating in FutureGen Project of USA 275 MW coal fired Zero Emission power plant India contributing US$10 Million Participating in Asia Pacific Partnership (APP) for Clean Development and Climate The Indian Project Proposals in the TF Action plan Inputs like case studies & contact details of experts in areas of India’s interest. Work on Efficiency improvement of two thermal power plants namely Ropar and Kolaghat thermal Power station already started with support of USAID. Major Initiatives Contd …..

25. Major Initiatives ….. • Mapping of Thermal Power Stations under Indo-German Programme • 33 thermal units mapped ( 31 thermal stations) • 85 Thermal Power Stations targeted • Energy Conservation Awards • National Award for improving performance of Thermal Power Stations • Awards for reducing T & D losses.

26. Efficiency Improvement through Renovation and Modernization A COST EFFECTIVE APPROACH …… CONTINUE GETTING THE BEST OUT OF EXISTING FLEET

27. Improvement in performance parameters – PLF, Availability, heat rate/efficiency, auxiliary power consumption, partial loading & forced outage. Restore derated capacity Extension of economic life. Obsolescence & non availability of spares (eg C&I) Environmental issues/other statutory requirements. Safety requirements. NEED FOR R&M – EXISTING UNITS

28. A large number of 200/250 MW & some 500 MW Units are in operation for more than 15/20 years and have considerable potential for life extension & efficiency improvement POTENTIAL FOR EFFICIENCY INTEGRATED R&M

29. Shift in focus from ‘Generation Maximization to ‘Plant Performance Optimization’ – Older units have many more opportunities to reduce heat rate than newer units. Retirement of very old small size low efficiency units and replacement with higher efficiency units. Use of high end technology solutions for efficiency enhancement to manage rising costs & reduce carbon, foot prints, e.g., Steam flow path modification Steam turbine and boiler upgrades Improved plant control FUTURE APPROACH TOWARDS R&M

30. Additionality in efficiency improvement Efficiency improvement as a result of normal R&M, aims at to minimising losses ( to approach design values) Efficiency improvement through technology intervention/enhanced R&M, targeting efficiency enhancement even beyond design value. FUTURE APPROACH TOWARDS R&M …

31. Parameters For Performance Monitoring • Unit Heat Rate • Unit Auxiliary Power consumption • Unit Specific secondary fuel oil consumption • Unit Specific coal consumption • Plant Load Factor (PLF) • Planned Maintenance, Forced outage and Operating availability

32. Projects for the Task Force

33. Fly Ash Utilization Record – NTPCAS A SAMPLE CASE ONLY

34. Forest Banks concept NTPC has created a Green wealth of 18.2 Million Trees by Summer 2007 Plantation of 1.25 Million trees around Ramagundam Project has resulted in Summer Peak temperature reduction by 3 deg C Ash Mound Reclamation and Dry ash disposal system Afforestation Efforts – A Priority for sustenance of HUMANITY!!

35. THANK YOU