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Unit 4 – Plant Reproduction Lesson: Lesson 8 Chromosomes and Genetics

Unit 4 – Plant Reproduction Lesson: Lesson 8 Chromosomes and Genetics. Colorado Agriscience Curriculum. Chromosomes and Genetics. What do I know about chromosomes? What do I think I know about chromosomes? What don’t I know about chromosomes?. Objectives .

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Unit 4 – Plant Reproduction Lesson: Lesson 8 Chromosomes and Genetics

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  1. Unit 4 – Plant Reproduction Lesson: Lesson 8 Chromosomes and Genetics Colorado Agriscience Curriculum

  2. Unit 4, Lesson 10 Chromosomes and Gentics PP

  3. Chromosomes and Genetics • What do I know about chromosomes? • What do I think I know about chromosomes? • What don’t I know about chromosomes? Unit 4, Lesson 10 Chromosomes and Gentics PP

  4. Objectives • 1. Identify the anatomy of chromosomes. 2. Understand how chromosomes determine gender. • 3. Identify chromosome structure and identify chromosome mutations. Unit 4, Lesson 10 Chromosomes and Gentics PP

  5. I. Chromosome Terminology • A) Self – Replicating genetic structure of cells containing DNA that bears genes • B) Chromatids 2 exact copies of DNA that makes up a chromosome • C) Centromere • Place where chromatids are attached to form a chromosome Unit 4, Lesson 10 Chromosomes and Gentics PP

  6. I. Chromosome Terminology • D) Homologous Chromosome Chromosomes that are similar in size, shape, and genetic content • E) Genes • 1. Fundamental physical and functional unit of heredity • 2. Found on chromosomes • F) Gametes • 1. Organisms reproductive cells (sperm/egg) • G) Somatic cells • 1. All cells besides sex cells Unit 4, Lesson 10 Chromosomes and Gentics PP

  7. I. Chromosome Terminology • H) Diploid • A cell that contains two sets of like chromosomes • I) Haploid • A cell that contains one set of like chromosomes • J) Zygote • A fertilized ovum Unit 4, Lesson 10 Chromosomes and Gentics PP

  8. E - Moment Hieroglyphic Moment

  9. II. Gender • A) Autosomes • 1. Chromosomes that are not involved in determining the gender of an individual • B) Sex Chromosomes • 1. One pair of chromosomes that determine gender • A. X chromosome = FM = XX • B. Y chromosome = M = XY Unit 4, Lesson 10 Chromosomes and Gentics PP

  10. Humans = 46 Cattle = 60 Sheep = 54 Swine = 38 Horses = 64 Corn = 20 2 chromosomes are sex chromosomes 1/2 of the total # of chromosomes is contributed by the male and 1/2 by the female III. Number of Chromosomes Unit 4, Lesson 10 Chromosomes and Gentics PP

  11. V. Chromosome Structure • Down load or scan picture Unit 4, Lesson 10 Chromosomes and Gentics PP

  12. VI: Chromosome Mutations • A) change in an organisms chromosome structure • 1. Deletion • A. piece of a chromosome breaks off (often fatal) • 2. Duplication • A. fragment of a chromosome attaches to its homologue • 3. Inversion • Fragment reattaches to its chrom. ???? Is placed their backwards Unit 4, Lesson 10 Chromosomes and Gentics PP

  13. IV. Genetic Disorders • A. Usually caused by mutations • 1. Fainting Goats • a. defect in muscle tissue that causes temporary tetanus when under stress • 2. www.faintinggoat.com • Research history of the breed to decide if all genetic mutations are bad. Unit 4, Lesson 10 Chromosomes and Gentics PP

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