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Chapter 13 Section 1 Notes

Explore the contrasting social, economic, and cultural landscapes of urban and rural America during the 1920s. Delve into the clash between religion and science, the impact of Prohibition, and the legacy of the Scopes Trial. Witness the evolution of American society as it navigates through liberal beliefs, conservative values, and the pursuit of prosperity in one of the most transformative decades in history.

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Chapter 13 Section 1 Notes

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  1. Chapter 13 Section 1 Notes • The “Roaring Twenties” • Most popular nickname associated with the decade

  2. North & East U.S. Gaining population Mostly industrial (factories) Many chances to make more $$$ Liberal beliefs (like change) Not very religious Good nightlife Impersonal society Better educated Ethnically diverse South and West U.S. Population staying the same Mostly agricultural (farming) Few chances to make more $$$ Conservative beliefs (stay same) Very religious Not much to do at night Close knit community Hardly any formal education Ethnically homogeneous Geography of the U.S. in the 1920s Rural Areas Urban Areas

  3. Urban Rural

  4. 1920s – Religion and Science Clash • Fundamentalism -believing everything in the Bible as fact. • Example: God created the world and all its life forms in 6 days • All content in Bible is true and shouldn’t be ?’d. • Popular belief in Southern Rural areas • Spread by preachers • Billy Sunday =most famous – used radio

  5. Darwinism- believing people, plants, and animals have evolved over millions of years. • Survival of the Fittest • Popular belief in Northern Urban Areas • Spread in Schools and Colleges Darwin Published His theories In 1859. Most urban Began to Accept them As fact by The early 1900s Many rural Areas did not

  6. The Conflict – Scopes Trial • Background • Tennessee made it illegal to teach evolution in school • John T. Scopes (science teacher) did it anyway • Arrested and went to trial

  7. The Trial • Prosecutor = William Jennings Bryan • Former Dem. Pres. Candidate • Very religious – Good speaker • Defense Attorney = Clarence Darrow • Famous lawyer at the time • Case followed all around the world • Became a circus

  8. Decision • Scopes found guilty (never did jail time) • Kept it illegal in TN to teach evolution in school for quite awhile • Significance • Science vs. Religion in schools was decided at state or local area for quite a while

  9. Prohibition • 18th Amendment (1920) • can’t buy, sell, make, or transport alcohol in the U.S. • supported by • rural areas(esp. South) • women • Religious • WCTU • Best Known Group • Why Prohibition? • Causes(pg. 437)

  10. Volstead Act • Provided $$$ to enforce the law • Didn’t work well. WHY? • Not enough ($$$ or people) • Too much land to cover • Often bribed to look the other way

  11. How did people still drink? • Speakeasies • Hidden bars and clubs • For upper to middle class • Cops knew about them • Usually Did nothing. Why? • drank there or got bribed

  12. Bootleggers • People brought in alcohol from outside the country • People learned to make their own • stills • prescriptions to use alcohol as “medicine”

  13. People bought alcohol from organized crime • Paid off police and courts • Large scale bootlegging • Most Famous = Al Capone (Scarface) • Made over $60 Million off illegal alcohol sales in Chicago

  14. Overall Impact of Prohibition • Effects(pg. 437) • Within a few years, most people wanted to make drinking legal again • 21st Amendmentpassed in 1933(repealedProhibition) • REPEAL = DO AWAY WITH SOMETHING (LISTEN TO MY EXPLANATION!) • SO… PROHIBITION LASTED ABOUT 13 YEARS OVERALL

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