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Cross-Sectional Studies

Cross-Sectional Studies. Features of C-S Studies. Snapshot in time e.g. - cholesterol measurement and ECG measured at same time Determines prevalence at a point in time Therefore, C-S is a prevalence study. Design of a C-S Study. Design of a C-S study (Cont.). Fig 9-11 p. 155.

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Cross-Sectional Studies

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  1. Cross-Sectional Studies

  2. Features of C-S Studies • Snapshot in time • e.g. - cholesterol measurement and ECG measured at same time • Determines prevalence at a point in time • Therefore, C-S is a prevalence study

  3. Design of a C-S Study

  4. Design of a C-S study (Cont.)

  5. Fig 9-11 p. 155

  6. Advantages of C-S Studies • Short term • Fewer resources required • Less statistical analysis • More easily controlled • Design less complex

  7. Advantages of C-S Studies (Cont.) • Provide relationship between attributes of disease and characteristics of various groups, e.g. elderly group • Data is useful for planning of health services and medical programs

  8. Disadvantages of C-S Studies • Represent only those who are surveyed • Identify prevalence, not incidence necessarily • excludes cases that died before study was done • Show association with survival - not risk of development

  9. Disadvantages of C-S Studies (cont.) • People who are ill may not show up for survey -*Healthy Person Effect • Often, not possible to establish temporal relationshipship between exposure and onset • e.g. does high cholesterol precede CHD? • Not too effective if disease levels are low

  10. Disadvantages of C-S Studies (cont.) • Therefore, difficult to establish a causal relationship • Data can be only suggestive of causation

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