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Privacy in computing

Privacy in computing. Material/text on the slides from Chapter 10 Textbook: Pfleeger. What is privacy?. How would you define it? What do you think its aspects are? Three key aspects: Controlled disclosure. Sensitive data Affected subject. Computer Related Privacy Problems.

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Privacy in computing

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  1. Privacy in computing Material/text on the slides from Chapter 10 Textbook: Pfleeger.

  2. What is privacy? • How would you define it? • What do you think its aspects are? • Three key aspects: • Controlled disclosure. • Sensitive data • Affected subject.

  3. Computer Related Privacy Problems • Data collection: what issue do you see? • No informed consent: • Examples: real age. • Loss of control: class discussion. • Example: posting on a blog. • What are the ramifications vs. writing a letter? • Ownership of data.

  4. Computer Related Privacy Problems • Data collection: what issue do you see? • No informed consent: • Examples: real age. • Loss of control: class discussion. • Example: posting on a blog. • What are the ramifications vs. writing a letter? • Ownership of data.

  5. Protections provided • Privacy Policies; • First step: fair information policies: • Regulate these; • Collection of information. • Data quality. • Purpose specification (use of information) • Use limitation. • Security safeguards. • Openness. • Individual participation. • Accountability.

  6. U.S privacy laws • Are usually applied to individual data types: • HIPAA • Financial organizations: Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act (GLBA) • Important in Radford: Federal Educational Rights and Privacy Act (FERPA). • Somethings are not clear: example class discussion.

  7. U.S govt. websites. • Privacy laws controlled by the FTC. • Address 5 factors: • Notice (must be informed) • Choice • Access (contest accuracy of data collected) • Security. (data collectors must secure against unauthorized use). • Enforcement (sanctions on noncompliance) • In 2002, the US e-government act.

  8. What about commercial websites? • Federal trade comission can prosecute for deceptive practices. (e.g., false advertising) • E.g., JetBlue and the DOD.

  9. Other issues with Privacy. • Anonymity. • Issues with anonymity. • Multiple identities (online id)

  10. How to protect against privacy loss?

  11. How to protect against privacy loss? • Get/give as little data as possible. • Data anonymization. • Audit trail: record who has accessed what data. • Security and controlled access • Training, quality, Restricted usage, data left in place. • Policy.

  12. Issues in Computer Security: Data mining and privacy. • Government data mining. • Privacy preserving data mining: • Data mining is “extracting hidden patterns from large amounts of data” • Solutions to preserve privacy: • Remove id information. Doesn’t work. • E.g., Sweeney’s report: > 87% US population can be identified by: 5 digit zip code, gender and date of birth. • Data perturbation. Example. Needs to be done carefully.

  13. Privacy on the web • Think about this: • On the web: every word you speak (blog) can be read • Someone selling something may have ads on their site for something else. • Identity of the other person may not be known! • Some issues on the web are protected. • Can you name them?

  14. Privacy on the web • Credit card payments are protected. • But not necessarily private. • Paypal etc.. May solve the privacy issues. • Site and portal registrations: • Beware of “we will enhance your browsing experience” • Using email as id on some sites. Issues? • Third party ads. • Contests and offers: Free Iphones!

  15. Privacy issues • Cookies: • Be-aware • Third party cookies. E.g., Double Click and online profiling. • Adware • Web-bug. • Spyware: keystroke loggers.

  16. Email security • Interception of email. • Can be encrypted using PGP or S/MIME • Email monitored legallly. • Anonymous E-mail and remailers • Sending anonymous emails. • Spoofing and spamming.

  17. Impact on Emerging technologies • RFID tags • RFID and privacy issues: • Consumer products. How can this be exploited? • RFID in individuals. • Electronic voting • Privacy issues. • VoIP and Skype • Privacy issues.

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