Chemical & Physical Properties of Matter

1. Chemical & Physical Properties of Matter

2. Chemical Properties • Characteristics that are observed ONLY when a substance changes into a different substance

3. Chemical Properties • Types of Chemical Properties: • Combustible/flammable: • able to burn

4. Chemical Properties • Types of Chemical Properties: • Combustible/flammable: • able to burn • Examples & Facts: • all chemicals come with a label that identifies their level of flammability

5. Chemical Properties • Types of Chemical Properties: • Combustible/flammable: • able to burn • Examples & Facts: • oxygen & hydrogen are very flammable gases • carbon dioxide is not a very flammable gas

6. Chemical Properties • Types of Chemical Properties: • Reactivity: • how easily a substance reacts with another substance

7. Chemical Properties • Types of Chemical Properties: • Reactivity: • how easily a substance reacts with another substance • Examples & Facts: • many chemicals react with water or oxygen • all chemicals come with a label that identifies their level of reactivity

8. Chemical Properties • Types of Chemical Properties: • Reactivity: • how easily a substance reacts with another substance • Examples & Facts: • corrosion: slow reaction & wearing away of metals (rusting, tarnishing)

9. Physical Properties • Characteristics that can be observed without changing the substance into something else

10. Physical Properties • Types of Physical Properties: • color • texture • odor • taste • hardness • magnetic • boiling, melting, & freezing points

11. Physical Properties • Types of Physical Properties: • Luster: • shininess or dullness

12. Physical Properties • Types of Physical Properties: • Luster: • shininess or dullness • Examples & Facts: • most metals are shiny • diamonds have a lot of luster • many minerals are dull

13. Physical Properties • Types of Physical Properties: • Brittleness: • how easily a substance breaks into pieces

14. Physical Properties • Types of Physical Properties: • Brittleness: • how easily a substance breaks into pieces • Examples & Facts: • very brittle substances may crumble or break with very little force

15. Physical Properties • Types of Physical Properties: • Brittleness: • how easily a substance breaks into pieces • Examples & Facts: • many rocks & minerals are brittle • chalk is brittle because it crumbles easily

16. Physical Properties • Types of Physical Properties: • Malleable: • can be pounded into shapes

17. Physical Properties • Types of Physical Properties: • Malleable: • can be pounded into shapes • Examples & Facts: • aluminum is very malleable • clay is also malleable • substances that are malleable are usually not very brittle

18. Physical Properties • Types of Physical Properties: • Ductile: • can be pulled out into a long wire

19. Physical Properties • Types of Physical Properties: • Ductile: • can be pulled out into a long wire • Examples & Facts: • substances may be both malleable & ductile • copper is very malleable & ductile • substances that are ductile are usually not very brittle

20. Physical Properties • Types of Physical Properties: • Conductive: • can transmit heat and/or electricity

21. Physical Properties • Types of Physical Properties: • Conductive: • can transmit heat and/or electricity • Examples & Facts: • a substance may conduct heat, electricity, neither, or both • most metals are good conductors

22. Physical Properties • Types of Physical Properties: • Conductive: • can transmit heat and/or electricity • Examples & Facts: • pots & pans are made out of metals that are good heat conductors

23. Physical Properties • Types of Physical Properties: • Soluble: • can be dissolved in a liquid

24. Physical Properties • Types of Physical Properties: • Soluble: • can be dissolved in a liquid • Examples & Facts: • substances that are “water- soluble” will dissolve in water • salt & sugar are soluble in water • substances that don’t dissolve are “insoluble”

25. Properties Practice • Choose an object from the “Bucket of Junk.” • Record the object’s name in the data table. • Check off each of the properties you observe and infer that object to have. • Return the object to the bucket and choose another. • Continue until you’ve identified the properties of 6 objects.