Chapter 14 THE Roaring 20’s & the JAZZ AGE

1. Chapter 14 THE Roaring 20’s & the JAZZ AGE Section 1: Boom Times Section 2: Life in the Twenties Section 3: A Creative Era

2. Section 1: Boom Times Objectives: • How did the economic boom affect consumers and American businesses? • How did the assembly line spur the growth of the automobile industry? • How did Henry Ford change working conditions during the 1920s? • How did widespread automobile use affect the daily lives of many Americans? • How did American industries encourage changes in consumer practices?

3. Social Tensions Alcohol Gambling Promiscuity Science & technology Entertainment & Play Religion

4. Section 1: Boom Times Effects on consumers • Wage increases for workers increased their purchasing power. • Increased consumer demand led to the development of new products. • Electricity became more available.

5. Section 1: Boom Times Effects on business • Businesses used scientific management to increase productivity. • Factories became more efficient.

7. Section 1: Boom Times The assembly line • cut production time and costs • enabled reductions in price • allowed more consumers to buy cars

8. Section 1: Boom Times Changes made by Henry Ford • developed the assembly line • increased productivity but work became repetitive • increased wages • shortened the workday

9. Section 1: Boom Times The automobile’s effect on daily lives • linked rural areas to urban areas; contributed to growth of suburbs • use of trains and trolley cars reduced; horse-drawn vehicles replaced • growth in popularity of auto-touring • new social opportunities for teenagers • reduced sense of community

10. Section 1: Boom Times Changing consumer practices • offering of installment plans • introduction of new materials and designs • use of advertising • beginning of planned obsolescence • establishment of retail chain stores

11. SECTION 1 new materials and designs installment plan advertising planned obsolescence retail chain stores Boom Times CHANGING CONSUMER PRACTICES

12. Section 2: Life in the Twenties Objectives: • What impact did prohibition have on crime? • What were the characteristics of the new youth culture? • How did celebrities and new forms of popular entertainment help create a mass culture? • What did the religious movements of the 1920s and the Scopes trial reveal about American society?

13. Section 2: Life in the Twenties Prohibition’s impact on crime Prohibition of alcohol increased crime by creating an illegal market that manifested in speakeasies, bootlegging, and people making their own liquor.

14. 1920-1933 • 18th amendment -prohibits • 21st amendment repeals • Some Key terms • Speakeasies - place where liquor was sold illegally Prohibition

17. Bootlegging • A wide variety of home made and in many cases dangerous liquors appeared.

18. Take a look

19. A fellow named Henry S. rented a saloon where he could sell soda pop and malt over the bar. If a customer asked for beer, Henry would take a shot of moonshine, pour it into the malt, hit the bottle with a rubber mallet and the moonshine and malt would mix to make beer. This bottle of moonshine was kept on a trap door behind the bar. A string was attached to the door which could be pulled from any place behind the bar. If any federals, or suspicious looking persons came in, Henry could pull the string, the trap door would open, the bottle would fall down onto a pile of rocks in the cellar and the evidence was gone.

20. Section 2: Life in the Twenties Characteristics of the youth culture • The “new woman” sought social and economic independence. • College enrollment tripled. • New fashions were worn. • New leisure activities such as dance marathons and flagpole sitting became popular.

21. Section 2: Life in the Twenties Creation of a mass culture • Radio, books, and magazines allowed people to share ideas, information, and entertainment. • Movies and sports gave common cultural experiences. • Celebrities and heroes allowed people to share common acquaintances.

23. Section 2: Life in the Twenties American society • Americans had different opinions about social change. • There was a deep division between traditional religious values and new values based on scientific thought. • There were different values about what was appropriate in movies and radio.

24. Women • Flappers - named for women of the 20’s adopting new styles including the “bob” hair style, smoking cigs and drinking and wearing the shorter skirt • The skirt change was understandable • why?

25. Women • The long dress • collected too much • street dirt • WW1 used a lot • of fabric for war • creating a shortage

26. flappers

27. Education • 1914 ½ million HS STUDENTS • 1926 4 MILLION • Why? • There were better jobs to be gained by education in the industries • Taxes helped pay for schools

28. In the News Lindberg • 33 ½ hours from NY to Paris • 25 years old • Spirit of St. Louis • Left Long Island and landed at an airfield in France with 50,000 people waiting for him • Reason for flying: $25,000 prize since 1919

29. Famous Photo

30. d The flight • 451 gallons of fuel • Bad weather –made him consider turning back over New Foundland –sleet and hard rain • used a periscope to see where he was going • Took 34 hours

31. The flight • Only real danger was at night • Key instrument was earth indicator compass- based on earth’s magnetic field to airplanes magnetic field • 1st time he passed up the airfield • Became known as Lucky Lindy

32. Babe Ruth • 1921-1932- 7 world series • 1923 –built new stadium – House that Ruth built • 1948 set up foundation to help under privileged kids

34. Sports • Black Sox scandal of 1919 The Babe brought people back to the ball park after this scandal kept them away • Eight players were accused of fixing the world series and throwing the series • A jury found them innocent but Commissioner Landis banned the 8 players anyway

36. Shoeless Joe Jackson

37. Red Grange Helped popularize football in the Midwest at Western Illinois

39. Knute Rockne • Legendary Irish football coach for Notre Dame college in Indiana

40. 4 horsemen of Notre Dame

41. Jack Dempsey vs Gene Tunney • Dempsey was the Manassa Mauler • 2 great fights both won by Tunney – eventually led to 1 million dollar purses

43. A then-record crowd of 120,757, which paid a then-record live gate of $1.8 million, packed Sesquicentennial Stadium on Sep. 23, 1926 and braved a driving rainstorm to watch the biggest and most anticipated sporting event in history.

44. Only golfer to wins golf’s grand slam in the same year He was an amateur –he was independently wealthy Bobby Jones

45. Triple crown champion Man O War

46. Entertainment and Writers • Charlie Chaplin • Al Jolson – starred in Jazz Singer – the first movie with sound was in 1927 • Writers wrote against materialism F Scott Fitzgerald

47. Women -1920’s- Suffrage • Women’s contribution of WW 1 led to the 19th amendment and voting rights in 1920. • Alice Paul and Lucy Burns formed the National Woman's party and held parades and marches • The amendment was named the Anthony amendment after Susan B Anthony

48. SECTION 2 movies radio sports SHARED CULTURAL EXPERIENCES celebritiesand heroes books and magazines Life in the Twenties

49. Section 3: A Creative Era Objectives: • How did jazz and blues become popular nationwide? • What impact did the Harlem Renaissance have on American society? • How did writers of the Lost Generation portray American life? • What were some of the major inspirations behind new movements in the visual arts and architecture?

50. Section 3: A Creative Era The popularity of jazz and blues • originated in the South • spread nationwide as musicians moved north • began to be played by white musicians also • popularized in jazz clubs and by big bands