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Earthquakes and Volcanoes

Earthquakes and Volcanoes. By: Brianna Shields February 8, 2005. GOAL. To explain the theory of plate tectonics and to relate it to areas of volcanic and earthquake activity. Assessment. Use your notes to help you label the picture of the lithospheric plates at the plate boundaries

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Earthquakes and Volcanoes

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  1. Earthquakes and Volcanoes By: Brianna Shields February 8, 2005

  2. GOAL • To explain the theory of plate tectonics and to relate it to areas of volcanic and earthquake activity

  3. Assessment • Use your notes to help you label the picture of the lithospheric plates at the plate boundaries • The teacher will go over the answers with you in approximately 5 minutes

  4. How are earthquakes caused? Rocks rubbing at fault lines Transform/strike slip boundaries Plates that are shearing or faulting Occur on land or in oceans Earthquakes

  5. What do earthquakes cause? 1. Destruction of landforms Destroying cities, mountains, plateaus, etc. 2. Landslides Vibrations of a mountain can cause massive movements of rocks down slopes 3. Tsunamis Earthquakes at oceanic plate boundaries can create giant waves Earthquakes

  6. Parts of an earthquake 1. Focus Point beneath earth’s surface where rocks break and move Earthquakes

  7. Parts of an earthquake 2. Epicenter Point directly above focus, on earth surface, where most violent shaking occurs Earthquakes

  8. Earthquake Vocab 1. Richter Scale- ranks the intensity of an earthquake Earthquakes

  9. Earthquake Vocab 2. Seismograph- measures the intensity of an earthquake Earthquakes

  10. Earthquake Damage

  11. Landslides caused by Earthquakes

  12. Tsunamis

  13. Tsunamis- Recent One near Indonesia

  14. Tsunamis

  15. Tsunamis

  16. Tsunamis

  17. Tsunamis

  18. Tsunamis

  19. Tsunamis

  20. Tsunamis

  21. How do volcanoes form? 1. When hot, molten rock (magma) spills through cracks in the crust, onto earth’s surface Volcanoes

  22. How do volcanoes form? 2. Can work through crack’s on Earth’s surface Volcanoes

  23. How do volcanoes form? 3. When pressure builds, it can push up on land, without breaking through Volcanoes Magma Dome

  24. How do volcanoes form? 4. Can create new landforms when lava hardens Volcanoes

  25. Volcano Vocabulary 1. Vent- where lava comes out Volcanoes

  26. Volcano Vocabulary 2. Crater- bowl shaped, at the top of the volcano, with vent at bottom Volcanoes

  27. Volcano Vocabulary 3. Magma= molten rock below earth’s surface 4. Lava= molten rock on earth’s surface Volcanoes

  28. Volcano Vocabulary 5. Particles ejected from volcanoes: Dust (smallest) Ash Bombs (largest) Volcanoes

  29. Types of volcanoes 1. Cinder Cones Steep sides Not very tall Created by explosive volcano Volcanoes

  30. Types of volcanoes 2. Shield Gentle slopes Quiet lava flow builds flat layers Volcanoes

  31. Types of volcanoes 3. Composite Due to alternating eruptions (violent and gentle) Sporadic layers of rock, cinder, ash and lava Volcanoes

  32. Activity levels of volcanoes 1. Active- erupts continuously Volcanoes

  33. Activity levels of volcanoes 2. Dormant- “sleeping” Has erupted in near past Currently sleeping Volcanoes

  34. Activity levels of volcanoes 3. Extinct No eruptions in modern times Volcanoes

  35. Greatest Earthquake and Volcano Activity Occurs in the Ring of Fire On the Pacific Plate (Pacific Ocean) Earthquakes & Volcanoes

  36. Ring of Fire

  37. Assessment • Please write the following assignment into your agenda: • Earth’s Structure Review Questions

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