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“The French Republic and The Reign of Terror”

“The French Republic and The Reign of Terror”. I.) Conflicts Cause Divisions. Legislative Assembly divides in three: 1 . Conservatives - supported limited monarchy 2 . Radicals - wanted to get rid of the king; more change 3 . Moderates - sided w/both depending on issue.

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“The French Republic and The Reign of Terror”

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  1. “The French RepublicandThe Reign of Terror”

  2. I.) Conflicts Cause Divisions • Legislative Assembly divides in three: 1. Conservatives- supported limited monarchy 2. Radicals- wanted to get rid of the king; more change 3. Moderates- sided w/both depending on issue War with Austria 1. Austria and Prussia demand return to throne of Louis XVI 2. Legislative Assembly declare war on Austria 3. War goes bad for France!!!

  3. II.) The National Convention • 1792 National Assembly gives up on Limited Constitutional Monarchy 1. Sept. 1792 new governing body called National Convention elects members by: Universal Manhood Suffrage: every adult male has right to vote B. Three Groups: - Girondins= conservative - Jacobins= radicals - Moderates= no certain view

  4. National Convention: - governs for three years - declare France a “Republic” • Leaders of National Convention: - Jean-Paul Marat- doctor and leader of the radical Jacobin Club - Georges Danton- revolutionary leader; Jacobin; devoted to rights of Paris’s poorest citizens

  5. Execution of the King 1. Louis XVI charged with treason by National Convention 2. Found guilty & beheaded by “guillotine” on Jan. 1793

  6. MaximillienRobespierre- a Jacobin who gains control and influence over the National Convention 1. 1793 becomes leader of “Committee of Public Safety” (group decided who is an enemy of the Republic) Outcome: July 1793 to July 1794 Robespierre is virtually France’s dictator and this period becomes known as……..

  7. The Reign of Terror G. Period in France from 1793 to 1794 in which the Revolutionary Tribunal executed anyone considered an enemy of the Republic 1. Most Famous Executions: - Marie Antoinette (widow of Louis XVI) - Danton (Jacobin leader) - Charlotte Corday (assassinated Marat) H. Outcomes: 1. 3,000 executed in Paris (40,000 all together in France) 2. 85% were peasants or members of the middle class!!!

  8. III.) New Government in France • Reign of Terror ends on July 28, 1794 when Robespierre is executed • In 1795 National Convention drafts a new constitution (creates third new govt. since 1789) 1. Power placed with the middle class 2. Two House legislative body created 3. Executive Body of 5 men created: “The Directory”

  9. The Directory chooses a new general to command the French Army: Napoleon Bonaparte!

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