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PROPHET MUHAMMAD (pbuh)

PROPHET MUHAMMAD (pbuh). I. Birth to Hijrah: In Mecca. Subjects dealt with:. Lineage Early Childhood Adulthood Events Prophethood Up to Emigration to Medina. Subjects dealt with:. Lineage. Early years of Muhammad. Raised by Halima in the desert area for first few years

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PROPHET MUHAMMAD (pbuh)

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  1. PROPHET MUHAMMAD (pbuh) I. Birth to Hijrah:In Mecca

  2. Subjects dealt with: • Lineage • Early Childhood • Adulthood • Events • Prophethood • Up to Emigration to Medina

  3. Subjects dealt with:

  4. Lineage

  5. Early years of Muhammad • Raised by Halima in the desert area for first few years • Brought back to his family: Age 5 Years • His mother Aminah dies: Age 6 Years • In custody and care of Abdul Mut’talib • Grandfather Abdul Mut’talib dies: Age 8 Years • Uncle Abu Talib is the custodian and protector: Age 8 Years up.

  6. Muhammad in his Teens • Travels to Syria: Age 12 Yrs • Caravan Experience • Buhaira the Monk: Unique experience • Seeing Syria • Works as a shepherd

  7. Muhammad in his twenties • In Charge of Khadijah’s Caravan to Syria • Marries Khadijah • Known as Al-Amin (for his integrity) • Al-Amin means The Trustworthy • Solves the Ka'ba Dispute: Unique solution • Let the head of each clan share • All lifting the Black Stone to put it in Place

  8. In Rebuilding Al-Ka`ba the Tribes compete for honor: To Place the Black Stone in place Possibility of Fighting Solution needed Muhammad (Age 25), called Al-Amin was entrusted for verdict His solution prevented a war Decision Making for the black stone resolution:. Vision for a solution Synthesizing the fair deal A collaborative approach. Win-win situation. Fairness to all. Justice and Equity were done Black Stone: Solution in Fairness

  9. 2. Design 3. Evaluation 1. Analysis 5. Monitoring 4. Implementation Engine of a decision-makingAccording to Akram Al-Attar Any Problem To Consider Decision

  10. 2. Political factor 3. Functional factor 1. Social factor 4. Economic factor 5. Timing factor Components of PlanningAccording to Akram Al-Attar Components All above factors are to be considered and weighed for every decision

  11. Muhammad in his thirties • Character: Impeccable • Several Children: • Four girls and • Three boys • Marriage Relationship: Ideal

  12. Religions of the times: Arabia and Areas Around • Arabia: Mostly Pagans, Some Christians, and Many Jews • Persia: Mostly Zoroastrians, Many Christians, and Many Jews • Byzantine: Mostly Christians, Many Jews, and some Zoroastrians • All above had some Pagans

  13. Social behavior • Visiting the Poor quite often • Helping the Disadvantaged as possible • Tending to the sick • Retreating to Cave Hiraa • Fairly often • More so during Ramadhan

  14. Prophethood • At Hiraa: Gets the Message • Sees Gabriel: While descending down the Noor Mountain • Goes Home: Scared and Exhausted • Relates to Khadijah the First revelations

  15. "Read in the name of your Lord who creates;  He created man from a cell. Read and your Lord is most gracious, Who taught by the pen, He taught man what man knew not." اقْرَأْ بِاسْمِ رَبِّكَ الَّذِي خَلَقَ   خَلَقَ الإنسَانَ مِنْ عَلَقٍ   اقْرَأْ وَرَبُّكَ الأكْرَمُ   الَّذِي عَلَّمَ بِالْقَلَمِ   عَلَّمَ الإنسَانَ مَا لَمْ يَعْلَمْ The first Revelation

  16. Hiraa cave • On top of Noor Mountain • Facing Mecca and Ka’ba • Complete silence and Pure air • Perfect for Meditation

  17. Jabal Al-Noor

  18. Earliest Muslims • Khadijah: First person (woman) to Islam • Maysara: Servant of the Prophet • Ali: First male to Islam (10 Yr old) • Abu Bakr: Friend of the Prophet

  19. In Sermon 192,Ali: about the Prophet

  20. Message Confidential • Friends and the Close Ones • The Disadvantaged: • The slaves • The Meek • The lowest in the Society • The above formed THE HARD CORE • Sermons: Frequent and Irresistibly attractive

  21. Message in the open • By the 3rd Yr of advent of Islam • Party at Home: about 40 people • Speech at Mount Safa: Call for Islam • Pagan Disbelievers: Animosity against Muhammad and Islam is Intensified • Harassment: Accelerated

  22. Quraish treatment of Muslims • Harsh Measures: Harassments to the extreme • Killing Yasir and his Wife by quartering them. Their son, Ammar, is orphaned • Bilal: Dealt with by horrible and mean treatment, but he defiantly stood fast • Abuse of Muhammad (pbuh) became very frequent

  23. To the refuge • By the 5th Yr, life intolerable: • Wave of Muslims leave to Abyssinia • Second wave follow (about 80 people) • Quranic Revelations: Continue frequently • Conditions in Mecca continue to deteriorate • Muslims in Mecca have a very rough time

  24. Arabia and Abyssinia • Abyssinia: • Several hundred miles from Arabia • Across the Red Sea • The King was Just and Noble: Name was Nagus • Quraish requested the King to kick out the Muslims from Abyssinia • After Listening to the Islamic Message, the King refused the Pagan Meccan’s Request

  25. Why the animosity by Quraish? • Fear of loss: Their Financial Status • Loss of Prestige and Standing in the Community • Change of Character of the Jahiliya • Facing Defiance and Challenge by Islam • Fear of the Unknown

  26. Omar embraces Islam • Goes to his sister’s house, hears reading • When asked, was told it was the Quran • Angry, slaps sister then feels remorse • Listening to Quran, has change of heart • Heads to Muhammad’s meeting • Declares his embrace of Islam

  27. WHAT IS IN HEAVENS AND ON EARTH DECLARES THE GLORY OF ALLAH, FOR HE IS THE ALL‑MIGHTY, THE ALL‑WISE TO HIM BELONGS THE KINGDOM OF HEAVENS AND EARTH HE CAUSES LIFE AND HE CAUSES DEATH, FOR HE DOES ALL HE PLEASES. HE IS THE FIRST AND THE LAST, THE APPARENT AND THE HIDDEN. FOR HE KNOWS ALL THINGS, ... سَبَّحَ لِلَّهِ مَا فِي السَّمَاوَاتِ وَالأَرْضِ وَهُوَ الْعَزِيزُ الْحَكِيمُ لَهُ مُلْكُ السَّمَاوَاتِ وَالأَرْضِ يُحْيِي وَيُمِيتُ وَهُوَ عَلَى كُلِّ شَيْءٍ قَدِيرٌ هُوَ الأَوَّلُ وَالآخِرُ وَالظَّاهِرُ وَالْبَاطِنُ وَهُوَ بِكُلِّ شَيْءٍ عَلِيمٌ هُوَ الَّذِي خَلَقَ السَّمَاوَاتِ وَالأَرْضَ فِي سِتَّةِ أَيَّامٍ ثُمَّ اسْتَوَى عَلَى الْعَرْشِ يَعْلَمُ مَا يَلِجُ فِي الأَرْضِ وَمَا يَخْرُجُ مِنْهَا وَمَا يَنزِلُ مِنَ السَّمَاء وَمَا يَعْرُجُ فِيهَا وَهُوَ مَعَكُمْ أَيْنَ مَا كُنتُمْ وَاللَّهُ بِمَا تَعْمَلُونَ بَصِير Omar hears the following

  28. Efforts to buy out MuhammadQuraish Tried: • Bribing • Offerings • Abuse • Verbal • Physical

  29. Harsh measure to the extremeQuraish boycotts Benu Hashim • Muhammad and all Benu Hashim: Along with their families • In an eerie valley without Communication or Interaction • Boycott lasting three years • Conditions deteriorating fast: Hunger, Sickness, and Desperation • As a result: Wife (Khadijah), and Uncle (Abu Talib) Die

  30. Dome over Khadijah’s Grave, Pre 1925

  31. Jannatul Mu'alla,جنة المعلى, Mecca, Pre 1925

  32. Jannatul Mu'alla,جنة المعلى, Mecca, Nowadays

  33. Israa and Mi’raaj a most Unique Journey Muhammad Taken from Mecca to Jerusalem From Jerusalem to Heavens above To be in the Presence of God Five daily Prayers Commanded The Holy Quran says: سُبْحَانَ الَّذِي أَسْرَى بِعَبْدِهِ لَيْلاً مِّنَ الْمَسْجِدِ الْحَرَامِ إِلَى الْمَسْجِدِ الأَقْصَىالَّذِي بَارَكْنَا حَوْلَهُ لِنُرِيَهُ مِنْ آيَاتِنَا إِنَّهُ هُوَ السَّمِيعُ البَصِيرُGlory be to him who by night took His servant from the Masjid Al-Haram to Masjid Al-Aqsa,  to show His Wonders ... Israa and Mi’raaj

  34. The Message • Number of Muslims: Slowly increasing • Attitude of the Pagans: Antagonistic to the Extreme • Attempts in Taif: Very disappointing • The revelations: A large part of Quran is revealed by now

  35. Negotiations with Medina delegation • First Group from Medina: About a dozen • Second Group from Medina: About 70 • Conditions in Medina: Inviting and Friendly • To Leave Mecca: Mandatory but has to be planned well

  36. Disbelievers' attempt I • Representation from every tribe: To Kill Muhammad • All are to Kill Muhammad at Night • When all share in Killing Muhammad: • Clan of Muhammad would not be able to avenge his blood against all • Thus, the Disbelievers get rid of Islam

  37. The escape • Ali stays eagerly in Muhammad's Bed, Risking his Life: • Attackers think Muhammad was in bed • Instead, attackers see Ali in his bed • Enraged, they ask: Where is Muhammad • Ali gleefully answers: You are the pursuer • Alarmed, the disbelievers call for massive search: Large Price to find Muhammad

  38. The escape II • Abu Bakr waits in his house for Muhammad • Nighttime: Muhammad escapes unnoticed • Muhammad and Abu Bakr Leave undiscovered: To Thaur Mountain • Thaur Mountain is rough and South of Mecca

  39. In cave Thaur • Quraish in the lookout for Muhammad • High price offered to anyone finding Muhammad • Muhammad and Abu Bakr stay for 3 days in the cave • Location of cave in Thaur Mountain • The role of the Dove and Spider

  40. Cave of Thaur Mountain • Food and news brought in by Asmaa daughter of Abu Bakr • Hurriedly: • Spider weaves a Web at the cave’s entrance • A dove builds a nest • Quraish in a Chase: Reaches the Cave, but abandons search because of the Web and Nest at the cave’s entrance

  41. Toward Medina • Suraqah in pursuit: Finds Muhammad but changes and becomes Defender than Pursuer • Travel Condition: Along uncommonly used road, rough, tough, and hot • Special Revelation: Quran promises Muhammad that he would return in triumph • After two weeks, they arrive at Qubaa

  42. Surah 8  :  Ayah  85:   Lo!  He who imposed on you the Holy Quran will bring you back (to Mecca in triumph) إِنَّ الَّذِي فَرَضَ عَلَيْكَ الْقُرْآنَ لَرَادُّكَ إِلَى مَعَادٍ The Revelation of promise

  43. The Miraculous Escape 6. They arrive in Medina, wait for Ali, build Qubaa Mosque, 5. They take western route to Medina: Suraqah catches up with them 4. Muhammad and Abu Bakr; hide in a cave in Mount Thaur, 3 days 3. Muhammad goes to the waiting Abu Bakr: both escape unnoticed The Escape to Medina 2. Muhammad escapes unnoticed by the Disbelievers 1. Muhammad requests Ali: to occupy his bed, to fool the Disbelievers

  44. For Details Go to: Islamicbooks.info then choose: Series of Islamic Books: Muhammad Vol. I

  45. Thank you May God Bless you. Dr. A.S. Hashim

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