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Abattoir – slaughterhouse Acrimony – harsh or biting sharpness of language, feeling, or behavior

Abattoir – slaughterhouse Acrimony – harsh or biting sharpness of language, feeling, or behavior Bellicose – warlike, combative, contentious Capacious – able to contain much Debouch – to come out into an open area – emerge Escarpment – a steep slope in front of a fortification

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Abattoir – slaughterhouse Acrimony – harsh or biting sharpness of language, feeling, or behavior

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  1. Abattoir – slaughterhouse Acrimony – harsh or biting sharpness of language, feeling, or behavior Bellicose – warlike, combative, contentious Capacious – able to contain much Debouch – to come out into an open area – emerge Escarpment – a steep slope in front of a fortification Flagellate – punish by whipping Garrulous – talkative; wordy Harangue – 1. a ranting speech or writing 2. lecture Iconoclast – 1. one who destroys religious images or opposes their veneration 2. one who attacks cherished beliefs Jeremiad – prolonged lamentation or complaint; also a cautionary or angry harangue Kedge – small anchor Wrest – to pull or move by a forcible twisting movement Xenophobia – fear or hatred of strangers or strange things Yaw – to deviate erratically from a course (as on a ship in heavy seas) Amiable – agreeable, having a friendly disposition Amulet – an ornament worn as a charm against evil Brusque – curt, blunt, abrupt Crucible– heat resistant container in which contents can be subjected to great heat Dolor– mental suffering or anguish Evanescent– tendency to vanish like vapor; transient Flagitious– grossly wicked: villainous Guerdon– reward: recompense (i.e., compensation)

  2. Short Term Working Memory

  3. Are there separate short term and long term stores? H.M. (Milner 1966)

  4. Are there separate short term and long term stores? H.M. (Milner 1966) Baddeley & Warrington (1970)

  5. Are there separate short term and long term stores? Double Dissociation? K.F. (Shallice & Warrington, 1970) - primacy effect intact - recency effect reduced

  6. Are there separate short term and long term stores? Normal participants Primacy Primacy Recency Recency Delay Recall Speed Presentation Verbal Recall Cue Familiarity

  7. Atkinson & Shiffrin (1971) – Memory Model Input SM STWM LTM Response Output

  8. STM focus is on storage Working memory focus is on processing and storage Retrieval from LTM Info manipulation Initiates processes Plans Makes decisions Integrates information

  9. Memory Short-Term Memory Miller 1956 “The magic number seven, plus or minus two: Some limits on our capacity for processing information” chunk – anything that can be a single unit

  10. NF LFB IPH DJF KSO B

  11. NFL FBI PHD JFK SOB

  12. Capacity Miller (1956) 7 + 2 serial recall chunk e.g., letter word title etc. 5 7 9

  13. Information Loss from STM decay vs. interference

  14. Information Loss from STM decay- due to time

  15. Information Loss from STM decay- due to time interference – due to other info

  16. Information Loss from STM Decay? Brown-Peterson Task QBN 291 Accuracy Recall Interval

  17. Decay? Waugh & Norman (1965) – auditory presentation 2 84 6 9 8 – 1 per sec. – more time 2 84 6 9 8 – 4 per sec. – less time 0 1 2 3 4 5 Time in Seconds

  18. Decay? Waugh & Norman (1965) Accuracy # of Intervening Items

  19. Decay? Talland (1967) -QBN 291 counting reading 291 291 288 285 282 etc.

  20. Decay? Keppel & Underwood (1962) reanalyzed Brown-Peterson (QBN 291) data early trialslate trials recall good recall bad

  21. Support for Interference Theory Keppel &Underwood (1962)

  22. Decay? Keppel & Underwood (1962) reanalyzed Brown-Peterson (QBN 291) data early trialslate trials recall good recall bad QBN 291 QBN 291 RFQ 982 TPW 442 Trial 1

  23. Decay? Keppel & Underwood (1962) reanalyzed Brown-Peterson data early trialslate trials recall good recall bad little interference lots of interference

  24. Is there decay from STM? Need time interval where there’s no rehearsal or interference Or time interval where ability to rehearse is negatively related to performance

  25. Is there decay from STM? Accuracy # of Intervening Items Waugh & Norman (1965)

  26. Short-Term Memory Types of Interference eventstestinterference proactive interference (PI) A B B A

  27. Short-Term Memory Types of Interference eventstestinterference proactive interference (PI) A B B A retroactive interference (RI) A B A B

  28. Short-Term Memory Types of Interference eventstestinterference proactive interference (PI) A B B A retroactive interference (RI) A B A B PI A B RI A B

  29. Types of Interference eventstestsource of interference proactive (PI) A B B A PI A B

  30. Types of Interference eventstestsource of interference proactive (PI) A B B A Physio Cognitive PI A B 10:00 AM – Physio – aphasia 11:00 AM – Cognitive – agnosia

  31. Types of Interference eventstestsource of interference proactive (PI) A B B A Physio Cognitive PI A B 10:00 AM – Physio – aphasia 11:00 AM – Cognitive – agnosia 1:00 PM – When asked what agnosia is you respond “language disorder”

  32. Types of Interference eventstestsource of interference retroactive (RI)A B A B RI A B

  33. Types of Interference eventstestsource of interference retroactive (RI)A B A B Crime Questions RI A B February 2nd – Witness Crime February 2-7 – Questioned

  34. Types of Interference eventstestsource of interference retroactive (RI)A B A B Crime Questions RI A B February 2nd – Witness Crime February 2-7 – Questioned February 8th – Misremember Crime

  35. Short-Term Memory Types of Interference eventstestinterference proactive interference (PI) A B B A retroactive interference (RI) A B A B PI A B RI A B

  36. Decay? Talland (1967) -QBN 291 counting 291

  37. Decay? Talland (1967) -QBN 291 counting reading 291 291 288 285 282 etc.

  38. Decay? Talland (1967) -QBN 291 counting reading 291 291 288 285 282 etc.

  39. Decay? Keppel & Underwood (1962) reanalyzed Brown-Peterson (QBN 291) data early trialslate trials recall good recall bad

  40. Support for Interference Theory Keppel &Underwood (1962)

  41. Decay? Keppel & Underwood (1962) reanalyzed Brown-Peterson (QBN 291) data early trialslate trials recall good recall bad QBN 291 QBN 291 RFQ 982 TPW 442 Trial 1

  42. Decay? Keppel & Underwood (1962) reanalyzed Brown-Peterson data early trialslate trials recall good recall bad little interference lots of interference

  43. Is there decay from STM? Need time interval where there’s no rehearsal or interference Or time interval where ability to rehearse is negatively related to performance

  44. Is there decay from STM? Accuracy # of Intervening Items Waugh & Norman (1965)

  45. Short-Term Memory Types of Interference eventstestinterference proactive interference (PI) A B B A

  46. Short-Term Memory Types of Interference eventstestinterference proactive interference (PI) A B B A retroactive interference (RI) A B A B

  47. Short-Term Memory Types of Interference eventstestinterference proactive interference (PI) A B B A retroactive interference (RI) A B A B PI A B RI A B

  48. Types of Interference eventstestsource of interference proactive (PI) A B B A PI A B

  49. Types of Interference eventstestsource of interference proactive (PI) A B B A Physio Cognitive PI A B 10:00 AM – Physio – aphasia 11:00 AM – Cognitive – agnosia

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