CHEMICAL HAZARD & SAFETY

1. CHEMICAL HAZARD & SAFETY THE BASIC CHEMICAL HAZARD CLASSIFICATION

2. CLASSIFY CHEMICAL HAZARD The hazard of a chemical needs to be classified for the safe handling, storage, transportation and disposal of toxic chemicals & hazardous wastes

3. WHY CLASSIFY THE HAZARD? • Rapid determination of the hazardous substance present and the evaluation of the potential threat to people and the environment; • Determine actions that are needed to isolate the hazardous substance and prevent injury or death; • To prepare for safe transportation to storage area or disposal facility; and • Identify the best place for disposal of the toxic and hazardous waste.

4. BASIC CHEMICAL HAZARD CLASSIFICATION • Use of qualitative analysis to classify hazard into one of 9 Categories • The 9 Categories are those used internationally on Placards • Identify the toxicity or toxicological properties of the toxic hazardous wastes

5. 9 HAZARD CATEGORIES • Class 1 - Explosives • Class 2 – Flammable Gases • Class 3 – Flammable/Combustible Liquids • Class 4 – Flam. Solids/Dangerous When Wet • Class 5 – Oxidizers and Organic Peroxides • Class 6 – Toxic Materials/Infectious Substance • Class 7 – Radioactive Materials • Class 8 – Corrosive Materials • Class 9 - Miscellaneous

6. CHEMICAL & PHYSICAL TERMS • Common Chemical Terms: Product: Unused chemicals with known characteristics. • Provided in Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) Non-Product: • Used chemical (spent), or • Wasted into unknown situations, or • When mixed with other unknown wastes, no longer has known characteristics. • It is now a hazardous waste

7. CHEMICAL & PHYSICAL TERMS(continued) Hazardous Substances: Any hazardous chemical elements or compounds or hazardous wastes or a combination of the above. Physical Properties: • Color • Physical State: liquid, solid, or gaseous

8. CHEMICAL & PHYSICAL TERMS(continued) Chemical Characteristics: • Acid/Base (pH) • Burns skin, corrodes metal • Flammability/Combustibility • Fire • Explosion • Reactivity • Air, water, moisture, with other materials

9. CHEMICAL & PHYSICAL TERMS(continued) • Water Solubility • Water pollution • Flash Point • Vapor ignite at certain temperature • Boiling Point • Indication of physical state • Vapor concentration at given temperature

10. SUMMARY • Classify the toxic hazardous wastes for: • Protection of human health • Workers, people, food • Protection of the environment • Water, vegetation, air, soil • Safe handling, storage, transportation and disposal of toxic hazardous wastes

11. SEGREGATION AND SEPARATION OF TOXIC & HAZARDOUS MATERIALS

12. WHY SEGREGATE AND SEPARATE? • Safety • Transportation (trucks, rail boxes) • Shipping • Storage (warehouse, storerooms, temporary indoors or outdoor areas) • Reduce hazardous & toxic materials’ harm • To citizens • To environment • To workers • International system apply (GHS)

13. Segregation & Separation Using International Labels • Separated & segregated based on IWIC, ICAO or similar systems • Labels: found on “small things” - packages • Labels look like Placards, except • Labels are smaller (1/3 the size of Placards) • Labels are on boxes, cylinders, drums and bottles • Labels indicate the hazard the same as those in the Placards • Placards are on trucks, rail cars – “big things”

16. Segregation of Hazards • Concept: Do not place one hazard in the same place as another hazard • Example: flammable with toxic gas

17. The Segregation & Separation Chart

18. Mixing Group A with Group B may cause Heat Generation & Violent Reaction Incompatibility Guide

19. Mixing Group A with Group B may cause Heat Generation & Violent Reaction Incompatibility Guide

20. Mixing Group A with Group B may cause Fire Explosion, Heat & Toxic Gases Incompatibility Guide

21. Mixing Group A with Group B may cause Heat Generation & Violent Reaction Incompatibility Guide

22. Mixing Group A with Group B may cause Hydrogen Cyanide (HCN) gas or Hydrogen Sulfide (H2S) gas Incompatibility Guide

23. Mixing Group A with Group B may cause Fire Explosion, or Violent Reactions Incompatibility Guide

24. Storage Recommendation Segregation/ Separation Compressed Gas Cylinder Storage Area Flammable Gas Cylinder Non Flammable Gas Cylinder

25. Corrosive Storage Area Flammable Storage Area

26. Poison Storage Area Radioactive Storage Area Etiological/Infectious Oxidizer Storage Area

27. Organic Peroxide Storage Area Water Reactive Area Spontaneously Combustible Dangerous When Wet

28. Explosive Storage Area

32. Low Hazard Storage Area Unlabeled low hazard materials (e.g., combustible lubricant or oil) and certain labeled low hazard materials (e.g., lime, label ORM-B) may be stored in a general purpose facility or area

33. Additional Storage Recommendation • Material with more than one hazard (e.g., flammable and poison) should be stored in an area designed to store both types of hazard. • Compressed gas cylinders are preferably stored out of doors, protected from the ground beneath and direct sunlight. • Separation/ segregation should e by physical means (walls) where possible. • Other regulated materials (ORM) should be stored in an area designated for primary hazard of the material (e.g., flammable aerosol, ORM-D, should stored as a flammable liquid). • Storage area must meet standard requirements for the hazard.

34. Mixing of Incompatible Chemicals can be Disastrous Incompatible Mixtures Procedures Ammonia + Bleach = Noxious Fumes Acids +Cyanides = Poison Gas Flammable liquid + Hydrogen Peroxide = Fire/Explosion Acid + Oil or Grease = Fire MEKP+ Any Contamination = Heat/Gassing Acids + Caustics = Heat/Spattering Caustics + Epoxies = Extreme Heat Chloride Gas + Acetylene = Explosion

35. The consequence of these reaction may result in personal injury, death, property damage, and adverse environmental impact. • Avoid mixing incompatible chemicals • Separate/ segregate incompatible chemicals • When in doubt, consult supervisor.

36. Hazards Hazards

37. Flammable Liquid • Flammable material can: • Burn rapidly • Give off intense heat • Produce heavy smoke • Spread rapidly to other areas. • Some chemicals evaporates making the work area unsafe…flammable • Evaporation is increased by elevated temperatures.

38. Corrosive • Some chemicals will breakdown into corrosive/ poisonous gases/fumes • Applies to hazardous materials labeled: TOXIC, POISON, RADIOACTIVE, ETIOLOGIC AGENTS and others. • Corrosive materials can burn your skin eyes.

39. Toxic/Poison • Principal Hazards • Poisoning • Fire • Environmental contamination • Fumes, vapors and dust pass quickly into the bloodstream from the lungs

40. Explosive • Some chemicals will EXPLODE in the presence of heat or flame. • Hazardous materials such as Flammable Liquids and Compressed Gasses can react like explosive materials.

41. Water Reactive Spontaneously Combustible • Flammable solid include water-reactive and spontaneously combustible materials. • Water-reactive materials are likely to become spontaneously flammable or to give off flammable or toxic gasses when in contact with water. • Spontaneously combustible materials are likely to burn

42. Thank You !!!