1 / 7

GV-506: Non-violence as a strategy

GV-506: Non-violence as a strategy. Alternative view of strategy Human Needs Theory (Galtung and Burton) Typology of non-violence Social defense. Conception of Society. Dominant belief: Society is an integrated system of values (value theory)

sawyer-spencer
Download Presentation

GV-506: Non-violence as a strategy

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. GV-506: Non-violence as a strategy Alternative view of strategy Human Needs Theory (Galtung and Burton) Typology of non-violence Social defense

  2. Conception of Society • Dominant belief: Society is an integrated system of values (value theory) • Social contract theories: voluntary associations (Lock, Durkheim) • Society is conflictual (Marx, Hobbes, Bakunin) (Conflict theory) • Coercion • Dominance of state over society (class structure, state structure) • State “authorita” vs. individual autonomy • Role of elites (Pareto and Mosca; C. Wright Mills) • Role of technocracy • Role of culture and cultural predisposition to violence (Galtung) • Is social control necessary? Should it be based on violence?

  3. Human nature and an alternative perception of conflict and “human condition” • Dominant conception of human nature: Evil! Aggressive! (Machiavelli, Hobbes, Morgenthau) • Is Human nature genetically predetermined? • Marx: human nature a social construct • Freud: human nature is determined by psychic and mental processes (instincts) • Reshaping the discussion: focus on human needs… • Maslow and the pyramid of human needs • Galtung: 4 classes of needs (survival, well-being, identity, freedom) • Biological predispositions vs. cultural restructuring of patterns of behavior • Universal patterns of behavior • Emotions and their relation to needs: human behavior based on needs • Individual needs and reference (identity) groups • State survival vs. individual needs

  4. Strategy:“Weapons are important factor in war, but not the decisive factor; it is people, not things, that are decisive” Mao. • Policy governs objectives • Strategy: coordination of all resources to attain the political objective • Resources: military, economic • Psychological factors • Elements of a strategy: • Logistical, operational, social, and technological • Military and psychological components of strategy.

  5. Boulding’s three faces of power • Threat power • Deterrence • State authority over citizens • Economic power • Integrative power • Legitimacy, persuasion, loyalty • All three faces of power are necessary: Why? • Examples: Soviet Union, Germany during WWII, British empire

  6. Social defense • Disarmament and peace movements • Does disarmament makes sense? • An alternative policy: social defense • Def: non-violent communal defense to external aggression • A: No regime can survive with legitimacy and passive support • Components of social defense: • Symbolic actions: • Slogans, demonstrations, wearing insignia of the opposition • Noncooperation: • boycotts, refusal to pay taxes, sit-ins • Intervention and alternative institutions: • Sabotage, establish alternative institutions • Social defense: confrontation with cooperative solutions

  7. Conflict resolution • How do we define conflict? • Weberian definition of conflict: struggle over values or goals • Alternative theories of conflict: Burton • Human motivation: needs, values, and interests • Distinction between settlement and resolution • Conflict resolution satisfaction of needs. • Galtung: • Conflicts over clearly articulated values (strategic actors) • Conflicts over interests embedded in social structure • Conflict triangle • Impact of psychological insights • Patterns of behavior and non-rational emotions • Misperceptions • Role of empathy in constructive conflict resolution • Origins of international conflict • Domestic vs. external factors • Power vs. human needs • Levels of Analysis and conflict resolution • Conflict management vs. conflict resolution

More Related