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Understanding Plant Physiology: Photosynthesis, Nutrition, and Soil

Explore the major parts of a flower, plant cell functions, and how plants produce food through photosynthesis. Learn about chlorophyll, chloroplasts, respiration, and transpiration. Discover the essential nutrients plants need for growth and the importance of soil pH.

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Understanding Plant Physiology: Photosynthesis, Nutrition, and Soil

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  1. Ch. 15 &16: Plant Physiology

  2. Major parts of a flower

  3. Plant Cell

  4. How plants produce food • Photosynthesis – a series of processes in which light energy is converted to a simple sugar.

  5. Chlorophyll – green material inside the leaves and stems of the plant that gives the plant its green color. • Chloroplasts – small, membrane-bound bodies inside cells that contain the green chlorophyll pigments. • These are the sites of the actual conversion of solar energy into stored energy.

  6. Photosynthesis 6CO2 + 6H2O >> C6H12O6 + 6O2

  7. Respiration • Exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide C6H12O6 + 6O2 >> 6CO2 + 6H2O +HEAT

  8. Transpiration • Process by which the plant gives up water vapor to the atmosphere. • Most plants transpire about 90% of the water they take in.

  9. What causes plants to wilt? • Lack of turgor pressure, caused from not having enough water. • Turgor pressure – swollen or stiffened condition as a result of plant cells being full of water.

  10. Purpose of soil • Soil provides a natural environment for roots. It supplies air, water, and nutrients for the plant.

  11. Plant nutrition • There are sixteen essential elements for normal plant growth. • Macronutrients – elements used in relatively large amounts. • Micronutrients – elements used in small, or trace amounts.

  12. Macronutrients • C – carbon • H – hydrogen • O - oxygen Obtained from the atmosphere N – nitrogen Ca - calcium P – phosphorus Mg - magnesium K – potassium S – sulfur

  13. Micronutrients • B – boron • Cu – copper • Cl – chlorine • Fe – iron • Mn – manganese • Mo – molybdenum • Zn - zinc

  14. Soil pH Optimum range for most plants • pH – acidity level. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 Neutral Acidic Alkaline (base)

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