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Introduction to the Grid

Introduction to the Grid. N1™ Grid Engine 6 Software. Overview. A brief explanation of grid computing Grid examples How grid works? (grid as bank) Grid jobs A description of each important components. What Is Grid Computing?. Collection of computing resources that perform tasks

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Introduction to the Grid

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  1. Introduction to the Grid N1™ Grid Engine 6 Software

  2. Overview • A brief explanation of grid computing • Grid examples • How grid works? (grid as bank) • Grid jobs • A description of each important components

  3. What Is Grid Computing? • Collection of computing resources that perform tasks • A large system that provides a single point of access to powerful distributed resources • Define the goal in more detail

  4. Grid Examples • Chess960@home • Vast collection of Chess960 games • Africa@home • Allow your computer to contribute to African humanitarian causes. • QMC@Home • Developing and testing Quantum Monte Carlo (QMC) for use in quantum chemistry. • FightAIDS@Home • Simulation techniques to search for ways to cure or prevent the spread of AIDS and HIV.

  5. Grid Examples

  6. Grid Examples • Shrek 2 • DreamWorks • Operation Systems: Red Hat Linux 7.2 • 330 Hewlett Packard workstations • Dual-Intel Xeon 2.4GHz processors, nVidia Quadro 4 XGL graphics cards, 2GB Ram and dual monitors • Recalculated frames make more detailed

  7. What is “N1 Grid Engine 6” software? • Sun’s Resource management software • Accepts jobs submitted by users • Uses resource management policies to schedule jobs to be run on appropriate • Users can submit millions of jobs at a time without concern

  8. Grid jobs • Batch jobs • Shell scripts • Sequence of command-line • csh, tcsh, sh, or ksh Process Process Process Output Input

  9. Grid jobs • Interactive jobs • Require direct input to influence the job results. Process Process Output Input

  10. Grid jobs • Parallel jobs Process Process Process Output Input

  11. How grid works? • Accepts jobs from the outside world. • Puts jobs in a holding area • Sends to an execution device. • Manages running jobs. • Logs the record of job execution.

  12. How grid works? (grid as bank) • On entering the bank: • customers declares their name, their affiliations their service needs • Record entering time. • Bank would serve the following customers: • Customers whose needs match suitable and immediately available resources • Customers whose requirements have the highest priority • Customers who were waiting in the lobby for the longest time

  13. How grid works? (grid as bank) • One least-loaded and most-suitable bank employee helps several customers. • Bank manager, define service policies: • Provide preferential service to commercial customers • Make sure a certain customer group is served well • Customers get a timely response • Prefer a certain customer on direct demand of a bank executive

  14. Jobs and Queues • Jobs correspond to bank customers. • Jobs wait in a computer holding area instead of a lobby. queues, which provide services for jobs, correspond to bank employees.

  15. 3 classes of Grid

  16. Usage Policies • Urgency • Resource requirements, job’s deadline, job waits. • Functional • Job’s affiliation with a certain user group, project. • Share-based • Usage of resources by all users. • Override • Manual intervention by the cluster administrator • Combination • 90% share-based and 10% functional

  17. Using Tickets to Administer Policies • Functional, share-based, and override policies are defined through tickets. • Tickets = Company’s stock. • More stock = More important

  18. Grid Engine System Components • Hosts • Master host • Execution hosts • Administration hosts • Submit hosts • Daemons • sge_qmaster – the Master Daemon • sge_schedd – the Scheduler Daemon • sge_execd – the Execution Daemon • Queues

  19. Questions? November 2006 Pedram Hayati pedram@iasbs.ac.ir

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