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Understanding Isotopes and Nuclear Reactions: A Comprehensive Guide

Explore the Band of Stability, Radioisotopes, and Nuclear Reactions in Chapter 24. Learn about chemical and nuclear reactions, radiation types, and atomic stability. Dive into the periodic table and homework worksheets for a thorough understanding.

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Understanding Isotopes and Nuclear Reactions: A Comprehensive Guide

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  1. Day 8 • Isotope Quiz • Chapter 24 Section 1 • Band of Stability Work Sheet

  2. Na(OH) + CuCl2 NaCl + Cu(OH)2 The periodic table is also arranged by increasing atomic number or the number of protons in the nucleus. It is the number on top of each symbol. Elements can be combined to form single units such as (OH). OH is call hydroxide and is an important component of a “base”. A base is opposite of an acid and can still be very dangerous. Daily Reaction Questions: What type of reaction is this? Using your periodic table identify the symbols and names. What row is each element in. Identify the atomic number.

  3. Nuclear Reactions Chemical Reactions Chapter 24 - Nuclear Chemistry Occur when bonds are broken and formed. Occur when nuclei emit particles and/or rays. Characteristics of Chemical and Nuclear Reactions Atoms are often converted into atoms of another element. Atoms remain unchanged, though they may be rearranged. May involve protons, neutrons, and electrons Involve only valence electrons. Associated with small energy changes. Associated with large energy changes. Reaction rate is influenced by temperature, pressure, concentration, and catalysts. Reaction rate is not normally affected by temperature, pressure or catalyst.

  4. Radioisotopes • Isotopes of atoms with unstable nuclei • Name the 3types of radiation that you know • Alpha • Beta • Gamma

  5. The Differences

  6. The Equations • Alpha Radiation • Beta Radiation • Gama Radiation

  7. 2 More types of radiations • Positron Emission • A proton is converted into a neutron and a positron. • A positron is a positively charged electron. • Electron Capture • An electron and proton combine to form a neutron

  8. Nuclear Stability • Why are atoms unstable? • Proton to neutron ratio • What are Nucleons • Positively charges protons • Neutral neutrons

  9. The Band of Stability • All elements with atomic numbers greater than 83 are radioactive! • Isotopes with a ration of neutrons to protons above 1.5 are unstable and undergo radioactivedecay. • Band of Stability Worksheet for homework

  10. Look Ahead… • Homework • Problems: • Day 9 - Chapter 24 Section 2 • Day 10 – Quiz: Radioactive Decay

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