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Thermodynamics of High Temperature Steam Generation in an Open System (Control Volume)

Explore the economy of creating high temperatures in steam generation processes and the differences between closed and open systems. Learn about energy transport, entropy, entropy change, and the benefits of constant pressure steam generation. Discover theories and principles for efficient and eco-friendly steam generation.

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Thermodynamics of High Temperature Steam Generation in an Open System (Control Volume)

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  1. Thermodynamics of High Temperature Steam Generation in an Open System (Control Volume) P M V Subbarao Professor Mechanical Engineering Department Economy of Creation of High Temperature in a Cycle…..

  2. Steam Generation : Closed System Vs Open System

  3. Energy transport by Moving fluid • Amount of energy transport by a moving fluid of mass m is defined as methalpy and denoted by: Q= mθ = m ( h + ½V2 + gz ) • Rate of Energy Transport:

  4. Clues to Generate High Economy and Eco-friendly Steam

  5. Economics of Flow Steam generation

  6. Constant Pressure Steam Generation Process Theory of flowing Steam Generation

  7. Creation of High Temperature @Constant Pressure Steam Generation Process

  8. Economics of Flow Steam generation Supercritical Steam Generation Subcritical Flow Boiling Pump Exit

  9. Selection of Steam Generation Pressure in A Rankine Cycle T C v, m3/kg

  10. Entropy, x=s : A Measure of State of Matter S (gaseous state)> S (liquid state)> S (solid state) So (J/K•mol) H2O(liq) 69.95 H2O(gas) 188.8 For a given substance

  11. Entropy and Order of Molecules of Matter S˚(Br2 liq) < S˚(Br2 gas) S˚(H2O solid) < S˚(H2O liquid)

  12. Entropy, S : Molecular Complexity Increase in molecular complexity generally leads to increase in S.

  13. Standard Molar Entropies

  14. S increases slightly with T S increases a large amount with phase changes Entropy and Temperature

  15. T S Entropy Change during a Reversible Process • From the definition of the entropy, it is known that Q=TdS during a reversible process. • The total heat transfer during this process is given by Qreversible =  TdS • Therefore, it is useful to consider the T-S diagram for a reversible process involving heat transfer • On a T-S diagram, the area under the process curve represents the heat transfer for a reversible process • A reversible adiabatic process

  16. h Dh Ds s Process : h-s Diagram : Mollier Diagram • Enthalpy-entropy diagram, h-s diagram: it is valuable in analyzing steady-flow devices such as turbines, compressors, etc. • Dh: change of enthalpy from energy balance (from the first law of thermodynamics) • Ds: change of entropy from the second law. • A measure of the irreversibilities during an adiabatic process.

  17. Enthalpy Vs Entropy Diagram

  18. Constant Pressure Steam Generation Process Theory of flowing Steam Generation Constant Pressure Steam Generation: A clue to get high temperature with same amount of burnt fuel

  19. Steam Generation : Expenditure vs Wastage Vapour h mfuel Liquid +Vapour Liquid x

  20. h Steam Generation At High Pressure x=s

  21. Analysis of Steam Generation at Various Pressures

  22. Fuel Savings during Steam Generation

  23. Law of Nature Behavior of Vapour at Increasing Pressures Reversible nature of substance at a given temperature All these show that the irreversible behavior of a fluid decreased with increasing pressure.

  24. Reduction of Wastage

  25. Less Fuel for Creation of Same Temperature

  26. The Training for High Altitude Trekking

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