College English Unit 3, Book 2

1. College EnglishUnit 3, Book 2 Writing Paragraph Coherence (1) Transitions

2. Pre-tasks Discussing the following questions before class in your own groups. • During tasks • Give the answers to all discussing questions. • Finish the following exercises. • Post tasks Write a letter applying a job that you are interested in. Remember to include the four parts listed in Step One of Writing on page 84 of your text book in no less than 120 words. And try to use transitions when necessary.

3. During tasks • Give the answers to all discussing questions. • What signal words do you usually use if you want to keep your paragraph-idea following clearly and smoothly? • What will happen if you write your paragraph without transitional expressions? • Where should you put the transitions in a paragraph? • What transitions should you use if you want to show the meaning of adding or intensifying? List such transitions you know.

4. What way should you use if you want to compare or contrast sth. ? List such transitions you know. • What way should you use if you want to show the time and sequence relationship? List such transitions you know. • What way should you use if you want to show space relationship? List such transitions you know. • What way should you use if you want to show the meaning of limiting or preparing for an example? List such transitions you know.

5. What way should you use if you want to show the cause and result? List such transitions you know. • What way should you use if you want to assert obvious truth or grant opposition? List such transitions you know. • What way should you use if you want to sum up? List such transitions you know.

6. What signal words do you usually use if you want to keep your paragraph-idea following clearly and smoothly? We should use some transitions(过度性的词语). • What will happen if you write your paragraph without transitional expressions? The transition is rough if we don’t use the transitions. But if we use them, the transition is smooth and the readers can follow the thread of our thoughts.

7. Where should you put the transitions in a paragraph? Transitions are frequently used at the beginning of a sentence to link that sentence to the one that precedes it, but they are also used within a sentence, especially one that is a bit long or complicated. There are a number of ways transitions relate sentences or ideas. The following(过度性词语常用于句首，以便和前面的句子相联接，但也可用于句中，尤其适用于较长的复杂的句中。过渡性词语能以多种方式沟通或建立前后句子间意义上的联系).

8. What transitions should you use if you want to show the meaning of adding or intensifying? List such transitions you know. Transitions that add or intensify(表示进一步说明或强调的过渡性词语). and further to repeat too also furthermore in particular indeed besides in addition moreover in fact in other way to put it another way

9. What way should you use if you want to compare or contrast sth.? List such transitions you know. Transitions that compare or contrast(表示比较或对 比的过渡性词语). similarly unlike regardless instead like on the other hand in spite of rather than despite on the contrary however but nevertheless by comparison though although still at the same time as yet otherwise whereas in contrast to this as well as in the same way

10. What way should you use if you want to show the time and sequence relationship? List such transitions you know. Transitions that show the time and sequence relationship(表示时间和顺序的过渡性词语). before now earlier at first next at last after that after so much time then just then in time until until now soon the next day while later following meanwhile finally from then on eventually ever since still

11. What way should you use if you want to show space relationship? List such transitions you know. Transitions that show space relationship (表示空间关系的过渡性词语). beside between beyond across over at from to into outside inside here to the left in the middle next to nearby opposite to on the opposite side

12. What way should you use if you want to show the meaning of limiting or preparing for an example? List such transitions you know. Transitions that limit or prepare for an example (表示限定意义或引出例子的过渡性词语). that is for one thing(首先,一则) namely for example for instance to illustrate such as

13. What way should you use if you want to show the cause and result? List such transitions you know. Transitions that show the cause and result (表示因果关系的过渡性词语). because thus so so that as as a result for since therefore consequently for this reason for that reason

14. What way should you use if you want to assert obvious truth or grant opposition? List such transitions you know. Transitions that assert obvious truth or grant opposition(肯定情况属实的过渡性词语). no doubt of course in fact doubtless naturally undoubtedly surely certainly without a doubt

15. 11.What way should you use if you want to sum up? List such transitions you know. Transitions that sum up (表示结论和概括意义的过渡性词语). to conclude in summary to sum up in short in brief on the whole in conclusion

16. 2.Finish the following exercises. Directions: Complete the following piece of writing by choosing transitions to fill in the blanks. Mary likes travelling by bus better than travelling by air- plane for four reason. (1), it costs less. She can ride by bus from New York to Chicago for $20. (2)____, the air fare between the two cities is $78. (3)____, travelling by bus gives her a closer look at the cities and countryside than she could get from a plane. (4)，she enjoys driving through the big cities of Philadelphia, Pittsburgh, And Fort Wayne. (5)____, Mary finds that the passengers on the bus are often closer to her own age.(6)＿＿，they are easy to talk with on the shared travel adventure.(7)___,

17. many airline passengers are businessmen who keep busy with their work while flying.(8), riding a bus allows Mary to explore any stop along the way. (9) , once she got off the bus at a small town in Indiana and spent the night with a girl friend. (11)__, Mary usually prefers buses instead of plane unless she has to get somewhere in a hurry. • a) Thus b) First c) In fact • a) And b) So c) Yet • a) Nor b) But c) Second • a) Still b) Next c) For example

18. 5) a) Third b) Now c) Instead 6) a) Similarly b) Instead c) So 7) a) In contrast b) Finally c) Otherwise 8) a) Therefore b) Fourth c) Accordingly 9) a) On the other hand b) Moreover c) For instant 10) a) So b) Then c) Yet 11) a) For these reasons b) At last c) Now

19. The Key ： 1) b 2) c 3) c 4) c 5) a 6)c 7) a 8) b 9) c 10) b 11) a