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Biodrivstoff og klimautslipp

Biodrivstoff og klimautslipp. John Morken 1. amanuesis. Bakgrunn. Behov for drivstoff – tilgjengelige kilder Alternative konverteringsruter Gårdsbiogassanlegg (resultat fra PhD-student Kristian Fjørtoft, IMT/Høgskolen i Ålesund)

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Biodrivstoff og klimautslipp

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  1. Biodrivstoff og klimautslipp Institutt for matematiskerealfagogteknologi John Morken 1. amanuesis

  2. Bakgrunn • Behov for drivstoff – tilgjengelige kilder • Alternative konverteringsruter • Gårdsbiogassanlegg (resultat fra PhD-student Kristian Fjørtoft, IMT/Høgskolen i Ålesund) • Livsløpsanalyse bioenergi (PhD-student Geofferey Gilpin, Vestlandsforskning/IMT) Department of Mathematical Sciences and Technology

  3. Energibehovet i framtida 1 PJ =1015 J

  4. 2. gen. bioenergi Department of Mathematical Sciences and Technology

  5. Småskala biogass - energianalyser • I prosessen brukes varmeenergi til oppvarming av nytt substrat (37 grader) + kompensere for varmetap. I tillegg brukes elektrisk energi til pumper og omrørere. • Det finnes ikke varmevekslere for småskala anlegg. • Varmetapet blir relativt større i små reaktorer (volum:areal forholdet). Varmetapet øker med hydraulisk oppholdstidog utetemperatur. • Akseptabel netto energiproduksjon kan likevel oppnås ved bruk av tilleggs-substrater • Matavfall • Fiskeavfall • Forbehandlet halm • (DE av treprodukter + resik. av prossesvann) • Bør sette krav til anleggene Department of Mathematical Sciences and Technology

  6. Klimaeffekt av biogass fra husdyrgjødsel og annet avfall • Reduksjon av metanutslipp og lystgass fra lagring av gjødsel • Forutsetter tett dekke på sluttlager • Erstatning mineralgjødsel • Størst klimaeffekt dersom biogass erstatter fossilt drivstoff Department of Mathematical Sciences and Technology

  7. Renewable Energy Directive Annex V – Rules for calculating the greenhouse gas impacts of biofuels, bioliquids and their fossil fuel comparators E = eec + el + ep + etd + eu – esca – eccs – eccr – eee E = total emissions from the use of the fuel; eec = emissions from the extraction or cultivation of raw materials; el = annualised emissions from carbon stock changes caused by land-use change; ep = emissions from processing; etd = emissions from transport and distribution; eu = emissions from the fuel in use; esca = emission saving from soil carbon accumulation via improved agricultural management; eccs = emission saving from carbon capture and geological storage; eccr = emission saving from carbon capture and replacement; eee = emission saving from excess electricity from cogeneration. • Emissions from processing shall include emissions from the processing itself… and from the production of chemicals and products used for processing

  8. Behov for data – LCA og biodrivstoff • Database • Emisjon biodiesel • Enzymatisk hydrolyse • Modell • Systemgrenser • Allokering • …. LCA dataprogram Resultat

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