Agenda

1. Agenda • To Get: • Chrome book (go ahead and log on!) • Graded exam essay • To Do: • Re-write essay with corrections and suggestions. 40 min. MAX – 30 points for your second draft.

2. Essay Corrections – Second Draft • Common Issues • No topic sentence • Weak or misplaced topic sentence • Discussing the three items you chose in the first paragraph • Not listing the three items to be discussed in the first paragraph • Weak conclusion • Poor structure or disorganized • Paragraphs • spelling

5. Topic Sentence and Intro The Industrial Revolution caused many changes to peoples lives that had never existed in human history. The IR started in England in the late 1700’s and lasted until the early 1900’s. Before the IR many people lived on farms and had little opportunity for growth or bettering their life situations. Three changes brought on by the IR were __________, ____________, and _____________.

6. Body Paragraphs • Take the three items you chose to discuss and write one paragraph for each. • Identify and explain what the change was. • List positives impacts. • List negative impacts. • Explain how it still impacts us today. (this will give you four sentences for each paragraph for the three things you mentioned in your intro!)

7. Conclusion • Restate your topic sentence. • Restate the three changes you chose. • Determine if life is better or worse as a result of the IR. • Support with evidence from today. To Save: Last Name , First Initial IRE Example: broderickcIRE

8. Agenda • To Get: • Guided note sheet • Textbook • To Do: • Make sure you have saved your essay (second draft) to the google docs folder I shared with you! It should be saved as the following: Last Name, First Initial IRE • If you missed the notebook check; do it today at the end of class. If you missed the exam, schedule a time after school, THIS WEEK, to get it completed. • Intro Imperialism and the Scramble for Africa • Guided notes • Mapping Activities

9. Opener: Test Wrap-up and Intro • What was the Industrial Revolution? • Where did it start and WHY? • List 3 positives and 3 negatives associated with the Industrial Revolution • In your own words what is capitalism? • What is the point of labor unions? • Who wrote The Communist Manifesto? • What is suffrage? • Name the two men, from the video last class, that had a lasting impact on the African continent.

10. What was the Industrial Revolution? MECHANIZATION AND MASS PRODUCTION • Where did it start and WHY? ENGLAND – LAND, LABOR, CAPITAL • List 3 positives and 3 negatives associated with the Industrial Revolution P-MIDDLE CLASSES, BETTER STANDARD OF LIVING, WORKERS RIGHTS, CHEAPER GOODS, SUFFRAGE N-WORKER EXPLOITATION, POLLUTION, URBANIZATION • In your own words what is capitalism? • What is the point of labor unions? PROTECT WORKERS (LIMITED HOURS, AGE LIMITS, SET MINIMUM WAGE • Who wrote The Communist Manifesto? KARL MARX • What is suffrage? RIGHT TO VOTE • Name the two men, from the video last class, that had a lasting impact on the African continent. Charles Gordon and Cecil Rhodes

11. The Age of Imperialism1850-1914

12. Industrialization=Imperialism • Industrialization led to an increased need for natural resources and new markets to expand their economies • Industrial nations competed to control Africa and Asia in order to secure economic success

13. What is imperialism? • The seizure (takeover) of a country or territory by a stronger country for financial gain and/or resources Industrialization sparks the need for: • Land perfect for establishing trading and military posts • Natural resources and raw materials • New markets for products

14. Video Flashback 1. Who is this image supposed to represent? 2. What did he want to do with his extreme wealth from diamond mining?

15. Europeans want to control all aspects of their colonies • Politics • Society • Economy • Culture and customs

16. Types of Imperialism Methods of Management • Direct Control • Paternalism – Europeans provide for local people but grant no rights • Assimilation – adaptation of local people to ruling culture • Indirect Control • Limited self-rule for local governments • Legislative body includes colonial & local officials

17. Forms of Control • Colony • Governed by a foreign power • Protectorate • Governs itself, but under outside control • Sphere of Influence • Outside power controls investments & trading • Economic Imperialism • Private business interests assert control

18. Scramble for Africa Africa Before European Dominion • Divided into hundreds of ethnicgroups • Followed traditional beliefs, Islam or Christianity • Nations ranged from large empires to independent villages • Africans controlled their own trade networks • Europeans only had contact on African coasts

19. Nations compete for overseas empires • Europeans wanted more land • Contained large amounts of gold, diamonds, and rubber • Africa was a mystery to many, “Dark Continent” • Europeans who penetrated Africa were: • Explorers – seeking wealth and notoriety • Missionaries – trying to convert Africans to Christianity • Humanitarians – “westernize” the “savages”

20. Things Fall Apart Things Fall Apart is a novel written by Nigerian author Chinua Achebe. Published in 1958, its story chronicles pre-colonial life in the south-eastern part of Nigeria and the arrival of the Europeans during the late nineteenth century. It is seen as the archetypal modern African novel in English, one of the first to receive global critical acclaim. It is a staple book in schools throughout Africa and is widely read and studied in English-speaking countries around the world. Achebe's debut novel, it was first published in the UK; in 1962. It was the first work published in Heinemann's African Writers Series.

21. Reading Questions 1. What did Okonkwo say the “white man” might have been? 2. How did they explain he was not? 3. Why was the white man killed? 4. What was the “iron horse?” why did they tie it to a tree? 5. How did they describe the way the white man spoke? 6. What did the three white men assume when they saw the “iron horse” tied to the silk-cotton tree? 7. What happened to the village? 8. Was the Oracle right? 9. Who might the murdered white man have been? 10. What does this account tell us about the native perspective of Europeans entering Africa.

22. John Chau https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uGIIknBC1aA

23. Forces Driving Imperialism • Belief in European superiority • Racism • Social Darwinism • Factors Promoting Imperialism in Africa • European technological superiority • Maxim Gun • Steam Engine • Railroads and cables • New medicines prevent diseases • Quinine (prevent/treat malaria) • Internal native struggles

24. Maxim Gun(600 rounds per minute!)

25. The Division of Africa • The Berlin Conference (1884) • Europeans leaders divide Africa • No African ruler invited • Little or no thought about the complex differences in ethnic groups • By 1914 – Only independent nations • Liberia • Ethiopia

26. 1. According to this cartoon, which European countries were fighting for a position in Africa? 2. What group IS NOT present in this image?

28. MAP WORK – PG. 343 • 1. Where had most colonies been established by 1878? • 2. List the 3 major European countries that had taken control of African nations by 1913. • 3. Look at the traditional ethnic boundary map at the top right of the page. Compare it to the borders established by 1913. Why might this have set the stage for future conflict?

29. South Africa Three Groups Clash for Power • Africans • Zulu nation, led by Shaka, fought the British • Zulu nation lost to British in 1887 • Boers • Dutch settlers that had controlled South Africa since the mid 1600s • Also known as Afrikaners • British • Gained control of South Africa after the Berlin Conference

30. Boer War • Fought between the Boers and the British • Many Africans fought with the Boers • First example of “total war” • British win in 1910 • Established the Union of South Africa (British Rule)

31. Exit Slip