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A Comparison of Argentine Tango and Igor Stravinsky

A Comparison of Argentine Tango and Igor Stravinsky. Michelle Ko. Capital: Buenos Aires Size: 2,780,400 sq km Population: 41,769,726 ( 2011 ) Ethnicity: white (mostly Spanish and Italian) 97%, mestizo (mixed white and Amerindian ancestry), Amerindian, or other non-white groups 3%

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A Comparison of Argentine Tango and Igor Stravinsky

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  1. A Comparison of Argentine Tango and Igor Stravinsky Michelle Ko

  2. Capital: Buenos Aires Size: 2,780,400 sq km Population: 41,769,726(2011) Ethnicity: white (mostly Spanish and Italian) 97%, mestizo (mixed white and Amerindian ancestry), Amerindian, or other non-white groups 3% Religion: Roman Catholic 92%, Protestant 2%, Jewish 2%, other 4% Argentina Demographic

  3. Earliest evidence of Tango dates back to the mid nineteenth century in Buenos Aires Around the turn of the century, many European immigrants arrived at Buenos Aires They brought with them a more lyrical style of violin playing, and the melodic influence of Neapolitan song, a key factor in the melodic beauty characteristic of Tango Around the year 1910, it is claimed that Bandoneóns were brought to Argentina by German immigrants The dance that was associated with the Tango music became a driving force in introducing the music to the world History of Tango Bandoneón

  4. In the late 1940s, the music and the dance started to separate Musicians were more interested in playing for a concert audience In 1955, nationalistic government that encouraged Tango was replaced by a new regime that discouraged Tango Many artists were blacklisted or imprisoned “New Tango” was formed by Astor Piazzolla who took elements of Tango but diverted from the tradition Renewed the interest in dance History of Tango cont.-Nuevo Tango g

  5. Primary Instruments Bandaneón • Essential instrument in the tango orchestra • In Germany, it was originally intended to play religious music • Buttons instead of piano keys • More compatible with chromatic tuning structure

  6. Bombo Luguero • Made of a hollowed tree trunk and covered with cured skins of animals • Serves as a combination of bass and percussion, not just maintaining the meter, but evoking an elemental, visceral response

  7. Erkencho • Transverse horn • Used for ritual purposes • No reed in its mouthpiece • Produces the notes available in the natural harmonic series

  8. Usually played with a Bandaneón or piano for tango dances 2/4 time Key: b minor (Measures 1-8) Begins with a diminished seventh Measure 2: Tonic Structure: A-B-C-A-B-C (including the introduction Habanera bass Dynamics throughout the piece El Choclo(1898)-Angel Villoldo http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xE7gKEG8O9Y With Intro: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=g8YSUUeQhHA&feature=player_embedded#!

  9. Key change: d minor (Measures 9-32) • Starts with a pickup: three sixteenth notes • B flat in the melody but does not belong in the d minor chord (D-F-A) • Creates dissonance with bass line and tension • Scattered Rhythm (“Call” and “response”)

  10. Chromatic scale present in the piece • Scattered rhythm pattern (Call and Response) • Key change back to the beginning (b minor)

  11. The tango eventually extended to Europe at the beginning of the 20th century. Its popularity soon spread as musicians and dancers from South America performed it in the European metropolises in the 1910s and 1920s. Gradually, composers in Europe began writing tangos…

  12. Igor Stravinsky • Russian-born American composer • Born in June 17, 1882 in Oranienbaum, Russia

  13. Igor Stravinsky grew up in a music atmosphere His father was a leader bass Mariinsky Theatre in St Petersburg Acquired a love for musical theatre at a young age Never entered a music school or a consèrvatory, and never earned an academic degree in music. Stravinsky studied with Rimsky-Korsakov, who was an influence on his early music Stravinsky’s early works impressed Diaghilev (sponsor of entertainment) and invited him to arrange large scale ballet Diaghilev remained a supporter/sponsor throughout Stravinsky’s life Biography

  14. Fireworks [Ballet] Petrushka The Rite of Spring The Firebird Histoire du Soldat (A Soldier’s Tale) Symphony in Eb Major Oedipus Rex, opera-oratorio Prominent Works

  15. Originally for piano in 1940 Composed for chamber orchestra in 1953 Tango-Igor Stravinsky • 4/4 time • Key: d minor • Minimal dynamics • Chromatic scale present in the piece • Bass leads in • Scattered rhythm http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WCz-w8-ipG8

  16. Comparisons Similarities: El Choclo: • 2/4 time • Written for variety of native instruments • Structure: A-B-C-A-B-C • Wide range of dynamics • Key changes throughout • Key of d minor • Both chromatic scales leads into repetition of the pattern • Similar melodic rhythm • Beat is sharp allowing it to be a dance music • Scattered rhythms Tango: • 4/4 time • Written for piano • Structure: Bass lead in • Minimal dynamics

  17. Work Cited • https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/ar.html • http://www.carnegiehall.org/BlogPost.aspx?id=4294982543 • http://www.totaltango.com/acatalog/tango_brief_intro_91.html • http://www.notablebiographies.com/St-Tr/Stravinsky-Igor.html • http://latinmusic.about.com/od/playlists/tp/TangoDanceSongs.htm

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