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Executive Summary: Electric Energy Storage

Executive Summary: Electric Energy Storage. Presented to: California Energy Commission Efficiency Committee Workshop Load Management Standards Scoping Presented by: Mike Heinrich EPRI Member Technical Advisory Services Electric Power Research Institute mheinrich@epri.com March 3, 2008.

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Executive Summary: Electric Energy Storage

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  1. Executive Summary: Electric Energy Storage Presented to: California Energy Commission Efficiency Committee Workshop Load Management Standards Scoping Presented by: Mike Heinrich EPRI Member Technical Advisory Services Electric Power Research Institute mheinrich@epri.com March 3, 2008

  2. Load (MW) Time (Hr) Let’s Don’t Allow the Recent Texas Grid Stage II Emergency Caused By Wind Generators to Happen in California Reuters New Flash Loss of Wind Causes Texas Power Grid Emergency Wed Feb 27, 2008 8:11pm EST HOUSTON (Reuters) - A drop in wind generation late on Tuesday, coupled with colder weather, triggered an electric emergency that caused the Texas grid operator to cut service to some large customers, the grid agency said on Wednesday. Electric Reliability Council of Texas (ERCOT) said a decline in wind energy production in west Texas occurred at the same time evening electric demand was building as colder temperatures moved into the state. The grid operator went directly to the second stage of an emergency plan at 6:41 PM CST (0041 GMT), ERCOT said in a statement. System operators curtailed power . . . .

  3. Daily Electric Load In California Mega Watts (MW) 24 6 0 18 12 Time (Hr) Efficiently Use of Renewable Resources:Energy Storage = Dispatchable Load Management

  4. …..but, not all energy storage is created equally  Types of Electric Energy Storage Technologies • Pumped Hydro • Compressed Air Energy Storage (CAES) • Flywheels • Batteries • Super-Capacitors (SuperCaps) • Superconducting Magnetics • Thermal Storage • Fuel Cells (reversible) • Hydrogen Storage

  5. Energy Storage Efficiently Resolves Renewable Resource Fluctuation, Ramping and Load Management Issues Frequency Regulation: Ramping: Load Leveling Str. Chrg Time ~ Min’s Load (MW) • Battery, Regular or Flow Type • SuperCap • Flywheel • SMES Str. Chrg Time ~ Hrs • CAES • Pumped Hydro • Battery, Flow type • Note: In California ramping is a big issue 0 24 Time (Hr) Str. Chrg Time: ~ 0.5 Day • CAES • Pumped Hydro

  6. High Priority for Load Manage-ment Electric Energy Storage Applications (All Boundaries Of Regions Displayed Are Approximate) High Priority For Grid Response 1000 • Load Leveling • Ramping • Energy Arbitrage • Spinning Reserve • System • stability • VAR • Support 100 Renewables - Wind - Solar • Frequency • Regulation 10 • Peak • Shaving • and T&D • Deferral Transmission • Conjunction Management Power Quality Temporary Power Interruptions • Peak Shaving • T&D Deferral Black Start needs 1 to 10 MW’s For a 1 to 2 Hr. Duration 1.0 • Remote Island Applications • Village Power Applications 0.1 0.1 Cycle 15 Second 1 Hour 15 Minutes 5 Hour 10 Cycle

  7. Load (MW) Time (Hr) Problem:Wind Plants Produce Off-Peak and Output Power Fluctuations That Limit Their Value Solution: Deploy Energy Storage “Shock Absorber” Plant, Sized and Controlled To Resolve Wind Resource Power Fluctuation, Ramping and Load Management Issues Wind Generator Dispatchable Wind Power to Grid + + Storage Set Point + Controller -

  8. Load (MW) Time (Hr) Electric Energy Storage: Value Proposition Physical System Corporate Types of Customer Generation T&D Perspective Perspective Benefits • Strategic • Improve Efficiency • Enhance • Renewables • Mitigate • Uncertainty • CO2 Reduction STRATEGIES Risks And Opportunities • Operational • Efficiency • Dynamic • Load Leveling Time

  9. One of Edison’s Most Famous Quotes: “In Periods of Profound Change, The Most Dangerous Thing Is to Incrementalize Yourself Into The Future.” Bottom Line: Think “Out of the Box”……we need a Revolution not Evolution! Steinmetz Westinghouse Tesla Edison

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