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Alhussein Abuhoza , S. Biswas , U. Frankenfeld, J. Hehner , C. Schmidt

Construction and commissioning of a setup to study ageing phenomena in high rate gas detectors. Alhussein Abuhoza , S. Biswas , U. Frankenfeld, J. Hehner , C. Schmidt GSI, Darmstadt, Germany and H.R. Schmidt University of Tübingen , Germany. TIPP14 Amsterdam (2-6.6.2014). Plan.

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Alhussein Abuhoza , S. Biswas , U. Frankenfeld, J. Hehner , C. Schmidt

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  1. Constructionandcommissioningof a setuptostudyageingphenomena in high rate gas detectors Alhussein Abuhoza, S. Biswas, U. Frankenfeld, J. Hehner, C. Schmidt GSI, Darmstadt, Germany and H.R. Schmidt University of Tübingen, Germany TIPP14 Amsterdam (2-6.6.2014)

  2. Plan • Introduction • What is the detector ageing? • Why ageing studies? • Ageing setup • Setup-I • Setup-II • Summary

  3. Introduction • What is the detector ageing? • Why ageing studies? • Ageing setup • Setup-I • Setup-II • Summary

  4. Detector ageing It is the deterioration of the detector performance.

  5. Introduction • What is the detector ageing? • Why ageing studies? • Ageing setup • Setup-I • Setup-II • Summary

  6. ~300 C/cm2 Estimated accumulated charge in the first layer of Muon Chamber (MuCh) in CBM Ex. in 10 years. ~11 C/cm2 Estimated accumulated charge at TRD1 in CBM Ex. in 10 years. Experiment like Compressed Baryonic Matter (CBM) at future FAIR facility at Darmstadt, Germany needs detectors with long term (~10 years) stable operation at high rates. ~1.5 C/cm2 Estimated accumulated charge in the fourth layer of Muon Chamber (MuCh) in CBM Ex. in 10 years.

  7. Introduction • What is the detector ageing? • Why ageing studies? • Ageing setup • Setup-I • Setup-II • Summary

  8. Ageing setup Studying ageing phenomena of gaseous detectors. Investigating the ageing properties of the materials used for the construction of gaseous detectors. Monitoring the performances of gaseous detectors, in particular those used in CBM.

  9. Setup-I • Two MWPCs in serial were used in setup-I. • A mixing station fids one gas line. • One sensor for temperature and one for pressure. • The MWPC configured of two cathodes (Al-Kapton foils) and on anode (multi-wire plane).

  10. Setup-I (Test approach) Refernce Ch. Ageing Ch. Ageing Chamber X-ray Q Q Normalized gain Ma Ma t Ageing High rate X-ray Fully Automatic ∑Q 55Fe monitor No ageing Reference Chamber t Mr Mr 10

  11. Ageing study : • Gain is the major parameter to monitor detector performance. • Gain normalization: • Gain ratio of two detectors (ageing and reference). • Extrapolating gas density effect by fitting approach (needs precise measurement of gas temperature and pressure). • Variation of normalizedgainshould be < 1% G Gain in MWPC p/T

  12. Findings from setup-I • Cathode of Al-Kapton foil has been replaced with a multi-wire plane • Premixed gas bottle will be used instead of a mixing station (temperature effect on the MFCs). • Moving platforms have to be presented (to avoid the continuous exposure of 55Fe-source and to test two materials or more in parallel). • Metal housing of chamber instead of fiberglass . • Individual gas lines (to avoid any pressure drop in-between the chambers). [1] A Abuhoza, S Biswas, U Frankenfeld, J Hehner, CJ Schmidt, and HR Schmidt. Physics Procedia, 37:442–447, 2012. [2] A Abuhoza, HR Schmidt, S Biswas, U Frankenfeld, J Hehner, and CJ Schmidt. NIM Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, 2012.

  13. Introduction • What is the detector ageing? • Why ageing studies? • Ageing setup • Setup-I • Setup-II • Summary 13

  14. Setup-II (components) 14

  15. Setup-II (components) • Three parallel lines (two for ageing test, one reference). • Premixed gas (no mixing station). • Two motion platforms (collimator and chambers). • Metal housing of the chambers. • Multi wire anode + multi wire cathode. 15

  16. Setup-II • Dimension of setup box : 110×130×83 cm • Dimension of MWPC: 20×20 cm Active area: 10×10 cm • LabView program operates all the functions automatically 16

  17. Setup-II (Gas system) Outgassing box Ageing material 17

  18. Setup-II x-ray • 55Fe • X-ray (filter) (Test procedure) motor motor CH-1 CH-0 CH-1 No ageing CH-2 CH-2 Normalized gain ageing CH-0 t ∑Q 18

  19. Commissioning and ageing tests of setup-II • Ageing and recovery behavior in the first test. • Investigation of setup cleanness. • Improving of gain normalization. • Ageing tests. 19

  20. Ageing and recovery behavior in the first test. Effect of the high rate of x-ray ?? 55Fe 1mm 55Fe+x-ray 1mm+3cm Where is the contamination source in the new setup?? ΔG=7% In this setup all the components are new: + Detector Lab (D.L.) global gas-line + Mass flow Controller (MFC) + rigid steel tubes inside the lab + outgassing box (in line-1 and line-2) + flexible steel tube (inlet) + detector + flexible steel tube (outlet) ΔG=4%

  21. Investigation of contamination source

  22. Investigation of contamination source (ΔG/G0)CH-0 = 5% (ΔG/G0)CH-1 = 11% Using two lines

  23. Investigation of contamination source

  24. Investigation of contamination source ΔG/G0 = 2.5% Using one line ΔG/G0 = 20% • Two ageing tests using gas scheme-2 revealed that there is still a source of ageing.

  25. Investigation of contamination source

  26. Investigation of contamination source ΔG/G0 = 5% Gas system: ball gas flow regulator + flexible steel tube + flexible steel tubes (inlet) + detector + flexible steel tubes (outlet) + outgassing box (some tests)

  27. Investigation of contamination source

  28. Investigation of contamination source Flexible tubes were cleaned by the supplier with a cleaning and degreasing agent is called commericialy “A062-K21 hebro®lan TN” contains: • Phosphoric acid • Alkyl alcohol ethoxylate • Methylethylester • Amins • Alhkyldmiethyl • N-oxides Gas system: ball gas flow regulator + copper tube (inlet) + detector + copper tube (outlet)

  29. Investigation of contamination source Cleaning procedures of flexible tubes: • Distilled water, iso-propanol and dry air are pumped through the rigid and flexible tubes (without taking them out from the setup). • Ultrasonic bath + iso-propanol pumping. ΔG/G0 = 5% Gain variation = 0.3%

  30. Improving of gain normalization . 30

  31. Ageing test of RTV-3145 and Al-tape (Gerband 705) Al-tape (Gerband 705) Area=135 cm2 R= 300 %/C/cm • RTV-3145 Area=135 cm2 R= 3180 %/C/cm

  32. Precise measurement of ageing are necessary to implement studies in reasonable time and in real conditions. • Very clean and stable apparatus dedicated to ageing studies is operational in GSI DetLab. • Ageing acceleration by x-ray needs to be investigated. • Obtained gain stability is < 0.5% peak-to-peak. • Cleaning and degreasing agent “A062-K21 hebro®lanTN” reveals ageing effect on the MWPC. • Ageing test for two materials have been carried out (accelerated by x-ray generator): • RTV-3145 : R=3180 %/C/cm • Gerband705: R=300%/C/cm Summary 32

  33. Back up

  34. R= 960 %/C/cm2 , Q=0.117 C/cm2 R= 92 %/C/cm2 , Q=0.037 C/cm2

  35. Q=e·n·r·G·t 10 years = 10*2*30*24= 14400 h

  36. Polyacrylat

  37. Ageing tests: 1 min + 40 min x-ray 1 min 1 min Ch-2 Ch-1 Ch-0

  38. Residual instability has been observed due to change in the gas density and detector geometry resulting from the change of ambient parameters (T, P etc.)

  39. Outer windows Inner windows Modification in the design Diethornís formula To avoid the residual fluctuation of the gain resulting from the change of geometry of the chamber, extra outer windows have been added with two holes in inner windows

  40. Without outer windows With outer windows Very stable operation after correction Unstable after correction Stable proportionality of the gain with T/p ratio Unstable proportionality of the gain with T/p ratio T/P (K/bar) T/P (K/bar)

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