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The Mind, The Brain, and The Quantum Mechanics

The Mind, The Brain, and The Quantum Mechanics. Mind. Brain. Classical Approach. History. Quantum Physics. Introduction. Quantum Approach. Introduction. Importance of Brain studies. The issues of Mind or Consciousness Free will Unity of consciousness. The A mazing Brain. History.

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The Mind, The Brain, and The Quantum Mechanics

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  1. The Mind, The Brain, and The Quantum Mechanics

  2. Mind Brain Classical Approach History Quantum Physics Introduction Quantum Approach

  3. Introduction • Importance of Brain studies • The issues of Mind or Consciousness • Free will • Unity of consciousness

  4. The Amazing Brain • History 2000 B.C. 500 B.C. 400 B.C. Egyptiansconsidered the brain to be worthless. Alcmaeon favored the head over the heart. Hippocrates took a similar view as Alcmaeon.

  5. The Amazing Brain • History 350 B.C. 2nd cent. Galen was the first to speculate that particular functions are carried out in specific parts of the brain. Aristotle believed the brain is designed to cool blood.

  6. The Amazing Brain • History 17th cent. 18th cent. Thomas Willis’s studies became the first scientific investigation of the brain and the nervous system. Galvani and Volta showed that electricity could activate nerve and muscles.

  7. The Amazing Brain • History 19th cent. 20th cent. Emil du-bois Reymond: Nerves and muscles generate electrical impulses. Santiago Ramon y Cajal examined nerve cells under a microscope.

  8. The Amazing Brain • Neurons

  9. The Amazing Brain • Neurons • Insects’ neurons are more complicated! • Cajal: connectionist view.

  10. The Amazing Brain • Neurons

  11. The Amazing Brain • Neurons

  12. The Mind • Is the mind physical or something else? • What is the relationship between the mind and the brain?

  13. The Mind

  14. Mind Brain Classical Approach History Quantum Physics Introduction Quantum Approach

  15. Classical approach • Worldview of classical physics • Classical brain • What is consciousness? • Unsolved problems

  16. Worldview of classical physics • In classical physics events are ‘deterministic’.

  17. Worldview of classical physics • Chaos: • Edward Lorenz (1917-2008) • The Butterfly Effect • Unpredictable Pluto • Deterministic Chaos

  18. Classical Brain Input Output

  19. Classical Brain • We are automatons.

  20. What is consciousness? • Consciousness is an illusion.

  21. What is consciousness? • Consciousness is emergent.

  22. Unsolved problem: • Unity of Consciousness

  23. Mind Brain Classical Approach History Quantum Physics Introduction Quantum Approach

  24. Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD)

  25. Treatment of OCD • cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) • Jeffrey M. Schwartz • Henry P. Stapp Mindfullness

  26. The birth of Quantum Mechanics • 19 October, 1900 • Max Planck introduced quanta of light.

  27. Weird • Anyone who is not shocked by quantum theory has not understood it. -Neils Bohr • I am now convinced that theoretical physics is actual philosophy. -Max Born • The double slit experiment is ‘the heart of quantum mechanics’. –Richard Feynman

  28. Double slit experiment

  29. More double slit experiment

  30. And still more double slit experiment • Electrons • Ions • Buckyballs

  31. Heisenberg’s uncertainty principle

  32. Fuzzy state • Measurement principle

  33. Superposition

  34. Interpretations of quantum mechanics • How quantum mechanics informs our understanding of nature: • The Copenhagen interpretation • Many worlds • Von Neumann • . • . • .

  35. Goodbye classical physics • Observer • John Wheeler, 1978, theoretical • Alain Aspect, 2009, experimental and Verified! • No phenomenon is a phenomenon until it is an observed phenomenon. –John A. Wheeler Physical reality ‘what is’ Our knowledge ‘what is knowable’

  36. Von Neumann interpretation (the orthodox interpretation) Process I Actualization of states Process II Schrodinger equation

  37. Mind Brain Classical Approach History Quantum Physics Introduction Quantum Approach

  38. The quantum brain

  39. Agent: Mind Mind carries out process I Unity of consciousness

  40. What is mind for god’s sake? It doesn’t matter. We can only know what is knowable. Erwin Schrodinger’s view on the knowledge limitation problem: “This is a marvel – than which only one is greater; one that, if intimately connected with it, yet lies on a different plane. I mean the fact that we…possess the power of acquiring considerable knowledge about it. …this knowledge may advance to little short of a complete understanding – of the first marvel. The second may be well beyond human understanding.”

  41. Freewill • Quantum Zeno effect Schrodinger equation State A State B State A Repeated measurement Freeze

  42. Freewill • Attention must be paid. • Binocular rivalry via quantum Zeno effect

  43. Critics • Weakness of will • Quantum mechanical difficulties

  44. Conclusion Classical physics Vs. Consciousness

  45. References • Michael S. Sweeny, “Brain, The Complete mind” • Jay Friedenberg, Gordon Silverman, “Cognitive science” • Jeffrey M. Schwartz, “The Mind and The Brain” • Jeffrey M. Schwartz, Henry P. Stapp, “QUANTUMPHYSICS IN NEUROSCIENCE AND PSYCHOLOGY: A NEW MODEL WITH RESPECT TO MIND/BRAININTERACTION” • David J. R. Bourget, “Quantum Leaps in Philosophy of Mind” • “NewScientist” , April 6-12, 2013 • “Scientific American Mind” , May-June, 2012, p 22-27 • Henry P. Stapp, “The Quantum-Classical and • Mind-Brain Linkages: The Quantum Zeno Effect in • Binocular Rivalry”

  46. با سپاس از توجه شما

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