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The BOID architecture ( Conflicts Between Beliefs, Obligations, Intentions and Desires )

The BOID architecture ( Conflicts Between Beliefs, Obligations, Intentions and Desires ). Jan Broersen Mehdi Dastani Joris Hulstijn Zisheng Huang Leendert van der Torre Department of Artificial Intelligence Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam. Layout of this Talk.

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The BOID architecture ( Conflicts Between Beliefs, Obligations, Intentions and Desires )

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  1. The BOID architecture( Conflicts Between Beliefs, Obligations, Intentions and Desires ) Jan Broersen Mehdi Dastani Joris Hulstijn Zisheng Huang Leendert van der Torre Department of Artificial Intelligence Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam Autonomous Agents

  2. Layout of this Talk • logics and architecture for autonomous agents • conflicts and agent types • BOID • norms: Dignum et al, Castelfranchi, ... • specialized architectures • generic architecture • example Autonomous Agents

  3. BDI Logics • rational balance between its informational and motivational attitudes • axiomatization for each attitude • KD45 for beliefs; D and K for desires and intentions; Necessitation for beliefs, desires, and intentions • axiomatization between attitudes • static: Bp->Ip • dynamic: commitment strategies A(Intend(a , A) U(Bel(a, ) Bel(a , E)))) Autonomous Agents

  4. BDI Architecture Sensor Beliefs Plans Interpreter (Reasoner) Desires Intentions Effectors Autonomous Agents

  5. BDP logic and architecture • Reiter’s default logic: beliefs and desires are B and D defaults • inconsistent beliefs or desires are possible: {T:-p/p , T:-p/p} leads to multiple extensions • prioritization of defaults express agent types Autonomous Agents

  6. Conflicts • Simple conflicts, e.g. between two desires • Complex conflicts, e.g.: • you believe that there are no cheap rooms close to the conference • you are obliged to take cheap room • you desire to stay close to the conference • you intend to go to a conference • Increasing # of possible conflicts in BOID Autonomous Agents

  7. Conflicts and Agent Types • Realistic agent: beliefs override others • Social agent: obligations override desires • Selfish agent: desires override obligations • simple-minded agent: intentions override obligations and desires • open-minded agent: desires and obligations override intentions Autonomous Agents

  8. Social Simple Minded Act. Obs. B I- O D ( rb ) < ( ri ) < ( ro ) < ( rd ) Autonomous Agents

  9. Super Selfish I- Act. Obs. B D O ( rb ) < ( rd ) < ( ri )  ( rb ) < ( rd ) < ( ro ) Autonomous Agents

  10. BOID Architecture O Obs. Act. B P I- D Autonomous Agents

  11. Example : Initial State “ Simple-minded ( rb ) < ( ri ) < … ” ch = cheap hotel gc = go conference et = expensive ticket s = spend-much-money  et s  ch  et s  ch  et gc  s Act.  P  gc  ch Autonomous Agents

  12. Example : Step 1 “ Simple-minded ( rb ) < ( ri ) < … ” ch = cheap hotel gc = go conference et = expensive ticket s = spend-much-money {et}  et s  ch  et s  ch  et gc  s Act.  P  gc  ch Autonomous Agents

  13. Example : Step 2 “ Simple-minded ( rb ) < ( ri ) < … ” ch = cheap hotel gc = go conference et = expensive ticket s = spend-much-money  et s  ch  et s  ch  et gc  s Act.  P {et}  gc {et,gc}  ch Autonomous Agents

  14. Example : Step 3 “ Social … <( ro ) < ( rd ) ” ch = cheap hotel gc = go conference et = expensive ticket s = spend-much-money  et s  ch  et s  ch  et gc  s Act.  {et,gc} P  gc {et,gc}  ch Autonomous Agents

  15. ch = cheap hotel gc = go conference et = expensive ticket s = spend-much-money Example : Step 4 “ Social … <( ro ) < ( rd ) ” {et,gc,s} {et,gc}  et s  ch  et s  ch  et gc  s Act.  P  gc  ch Autonomous Agents

  16. Example : Step 5 “ Social … <( ro ) < ( rd ) ” ch = cheap hotel gc = go conference et = expensive ticket s = spend-much-money {et,gc,s}  et s  ch  et s  ch  et gc  s Act.  P  gc {et,gc,s,ch}  ch Autonomous Agents

  17. Example : Step 6 “ Social … <( ro ) < ( rd ) ” ch = cheap hotel gc = go conference et = expensive ticket s = spend-much-money  et s  ch  et s  ch  et gc  s  Act. P  gc {et,gc,s,ch}  ch {et,gc,s,ch} Autonomous Agents

  18. Example : Step 7 “ Social … <( ro ) < ( rd ) ” ch = cheap hotel gc = go conference et = expensive ticket s = spend-much-money  et s  ch  et s  ch  et gc  s  {et,gc,s,ch} Act. P  gc  ch {et,gc,s,ch} Autonomous Agents

  19. Example : Step 3 “Selfish … <( rd ) < ( ro ) ” ch = cheap hotel gc = go conference et = expensive ticket s = spend-much-money  et s  ch  et s  ch  et gc  s  Act. P  gc {et,gc} {et,gc}  ch Autonomous Agents

  20. ch = cheap hotel gc = go conference et = expensive ticket s = spend-much-money Example : Step 4 “Selfish … <( rd ) < ( ro ) ”  et s  ch  et s  ch  et gc  s  Act. P  gc {et,gc}  ch {et,gc,ch} Autonomous Agents

  21. ch = cheap hotel gc = go conference et = expensive ticket s = spend-much-money Example : Step 5 “Selfish … <( rd ) < ( ro ) ”  et s  ch  et s  ch  et gc  s  Act. {et,gc,ch} P  gc  ch {et,gc,ch} Autonomous Agents

  22. ch = cheap hotel gc = go conference et = expensive ticket s = spend-much-money Example : Step 5 “Selfish … <( rd ) < ( ro ) ” {et,gc,ch, s}  et s  ch  et s  ch  et gc  s  Act. {et,gc,ch} P  gc  ch Autonomous Agents

  23. Conclusion • conflicts within or among informational and motivational attitudes • conflict resolution and agent types • small gap between logic and architecture • extension selection: planning and scheduling Autonomous Agents

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