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Types and Applications of Thermocouple

A thermocouple is a temperature measuring sensor. Two different types of metal wires are connected at a junction which is called the thermal junction.

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Types and Applications of Thermocouple

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  1. Types and Applications of Thermocouple

  2. What is a Thermocouple? • A thermocouple is a temperature measuring sensor. Two different types of metal wires are connected at a junction which is called the thermal junction. • To measure temperature at any point, this thermal junction is subjected to that point which develops a thermal gradient or change in temperature at this junction. • The change in temperature at the junction creates a voltage used to calculate the temperature of the reference point using the reference tables. • Thermocouples are used widely across the different industrial and scientific applications.

  3. Some of the most common application areas of thermocouples are; • Industrial sectors • Power generation • Steel mills • Biotech • Pharmaceutical • Cement • Their cost-effectiveness, wide temperature range, and high durability make them a popular choice.

  4. Thermocouple Types • Two dissimilar metals used to create a thermocouple can be of varied types. • Different metals exhibit different properties, and the hot junction formed between these two metal wires defines the thermocouple. • To yield better results, scientists and researchers have standardized some metal combinations and segregated them as thermocouple types. • Primarily there are eight types of thermocouples: B, E, J, N, K, R, T, and S type.

  5. B-Type Thermocouple :- • The alloy combination is of Platinum (6% Rhodium) and Platinum (30% Rhodium). This thermocouple exhibits a temperature range between 1370 to 1700 °C. It is mainly used in applications executed at extremely high temperatures, such as glass production. • E-Type Thermocouple :- • Chromel and Constantan are the alloys that form an E-type thermocouple. The temperature range is between 0 to 870 °C. This thermocouple does not focus on the oxidation in the atmosphere and can be used in an inert environment. However, they need to be protected against the sulfurous environment. • J-Type Thermocouple :- • J type of thermocouple is formed with Iron and Constantan. 0 to 760 °C is its temperature range. Owing to the low-temperature range of the thermocouple, its life span reduces in high temperatures. J types thermocouple is best suited for vacuum and inert environment.

  6. K-Type Thermocouple :- • Chromel and Alumel form a K-type thermocouple. The temperature range is between 95 and 1260 °C. The neutral or oxidizing environment is best suited for these types of the thermocouple. It generates an EMF variation below 1800°F due to hysteresis, which restricts its use in an inert and oxidizing environment below this temperature. • N-Type Thermocouple :- • This thermocouple is a combination of alloys Nicrosil and Nisil. The temperature range is between 650 to 1260 °C. Unlike K-type thermocouples, the N-type thermocouple offers very high resistance for degradation due to green rot and hysteresis. They are most commonly used in refineries and petrochemical industries. • R-Type Thermocouple :- • A combination of Platinum (13% Rhodium) and Platinum forms R type thermocouple. The temperature range is between 870 to 1450 °C. It is costlier than S type thermocouple as it contains a higher percentage of Rhodium.

  7. S-Type Thermocouple :- • It is a combination of Platinum (10% Rhodium) and Platinum. The temperature range is between 980 to 1450 °C. S type thermocouple is used in applications involving very high temperatures. This type is widely used across various l industries. • T-Type Thermocouple • It is formed with Copper and Constantan. The temperature range is between -200 to 370°C. This type of thermocouple is suitable for the inert atmosphere as well as the vacuum. They are widely used as they generally resist decomposition even in a moist environment.

  8. RTD VS THERMOCOUPLE • Resistance temperature detector and thermocouple are both Temperature Measuring Instruments but are different in many ways. • Temperature measuring range: The RTDs have a low measuring range, whereas thermocouples can be used for high temperature, such as up to 1800°C. • Accuracy: RTDs are known to have relatively higher accuracy than a thermocouple at lower temperatures. • Sensitivity: RTDs are more sensitive and react faster to any temperature change than thermocouples due to the presence of cold junction compensation in thermocouples. • Drift: The design of the RTD sensor allows it to produce stable readings for a longer duration of time. RTD sensor drift is smaller when compared to Thermocouples.

  9. Thank You! • Websites :- https://www.precisionmass.com/ • Contact No: + 91-2764-233681 • Email: sales@precisionmass.com • Content Source :- https://www.precisionmass.com/types-and-applications-of-thermocouple/

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