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Università degli Studi di Pavia

Università degli Studi di Pavia Facoltà di Lettere e Filosofia, Scienze politiche, Giurisprudenza, Ingegneria, Economia Corso di Laurea Interfacoltà in Comunicazione, Innovazione, Multimedialità.

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Università degli Studi di Pavia

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  1. Università degli Studi di Pavia Facoltà di Lettere e Filosofia, Scienze politiche, Giurisprudenza, Ingegneria, Economia Corso di Laurea Interfacoltà in Comunicazione, Innovazione, Multimedialità CHINA TODAY: A NEUTRAL ANALYSIS OF THE FACETS OF A RAPIDLY EVOLVING SOCIETY IN BOTH SOCIAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL TERMS The Beginningof a Great EconomicPower Relatore: Chiar.mo Prof. Andrea Fumagalli Correlatore: Chiar.mo Prof. Giorgio Rampa Tesi di Laurea di: Valeria Repetto

  2. FASTEST GROWING MAJOR ECONOMY IN THE WORLD SINCE ECONOMIC OPENING UP AND REFORM POLICY (1978): CHINA’S ECONOMY HAS GROWN 90 TIMES BIGGER GDP: ANNUAL AVERAGE PREDICTED TO BE 9.5 PERCENT FOR THE PERIOD OF 2011-2015

  3. WORLD’S LARGEST EXPORTER SECOND LARGEST IMPORTER OF GOODS AND… WORLD’S SECOND BIGGEST CONSUMER OF LUXURY GOODS

  4. BUILDING SKYSCRAPERS TO SHOW THE ECONOMIC BOOMING MORE THAN 200 BUILDINGS ARE BEING BUILT NOW NEXT THREE YEARS: ONE SKYSCRAPER COMPLETED EVERY FIVE DAYS. 800 IN FIVE YEARS TIME

  5. Maincharactersof the last 30 yearsofpolitical and economicalchanges • Agrarian Reform (1978) • Social Market Economy(early 90s) • Development of Social Economy Organizations in rural areas, as well as in urban Zhao Ziyang, 赵紫阳 and Deng Xiao Ping(邓小平), first, and Zhu Rongji (朱镕基) and Jiang Zemin(江泽民), afterwards Twogenerationsofreforms

  6. FROM THE AGRICOLTURE: • DECENTRALIZATION OF THE PLANE AND THE MARKET • FAMILY BUSINESSES : RESPONSABILITY • GROWING AUTONOMY IN MANAGERIAL DECISIONS INSIDE STATE-OWNED ENTERPRISES • SMALL ENTERPRISES BORN: • VILLAGE AND TOWNSHIP ENTERPRISES FIRST PHASE MARKET-ORIENTED BY WAY OF PROFIT MAXIMIZATION • 1978: THEY OCCUPIED 28 MILION PEOPLE • Mid-90’s: 135 MILION • SOCIAL MARKET ECONOMY (ONLY APPROVED IN 1992) • RENOVATION OF PULIC ENTERPRISES • CONCEPT OF SOCIAL ECONOMY SECOND PHASE

  7. 和谐社会 CONCEPT OF “HARMONIOUS SOCIETY” THE FOURTH GENERATION (WITH HUJINTAO胡锦涛AND WEN JIABAO 温家宝) INTRODUCED THE SLOGAN IN 2007 CENTRALITY OF SOCIAL ISSUES IN THE ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT: ACTIVE MEDIATION , PARTICIPATION

  8. SOCIAL CONSEQUENCES: INEQUALITY MANY DIFFERENCES BETWEEN RURAL AND URBAN AREAS • WORKERS START MOVING FROM RURAL TO URBAN AREAS • LIFE AS FARMER PRECARIOUS: ORGANIZED IN COMMUNES, WITH SOCIAL SERVICES GRANTED ONLY BY SELLING SUFFICIENT NUMBER OF AGRICOLTURE PRODUCTS • LIFE AS TOWN WORKER LESS PRECARIOUS: BASED ON THE RELATION BETWEEN • CITIZENS AND WORKPLACE IN WORK UNITS IN THE STATE-OWNED ENTERPRISES

  9. EDUCATION CHANGES FOCUS ON THE FUTURE SOCIAL PRESSURE AND INSECURITY HEAVY ENPHASIS ON PASSING EXAMS COMPETITION EXCELLENCE

  10. COSTS OF EDUCATION MORE AND MORE EXPENSIVE INCREASE OF PRIVATE STUDIES FOR EXCELLENCE INEQUALITIES BETWEEN RURAL AND URBAN CHILDREN PUBLIC FOUNDING STILL NOT ENOUGH

  11. ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUE DAMAGE DUE TO: • POPULATION GROWTH • DEMAND PER CAPITA GROWTH • PUBLIC OPINION: INITIALLY MORE PRONE TO EMBRACE THE ECONOMIC RISE INSTEAD OF THINKING ABOUT CONSEQUENCES

  12. CHINA HAS NOW BECOME THE WORLD’S LARGEST ENERGY CONSUMER WARNING! CHINA RELIES ON COAL TO SUPPLY ABOUT 70 PERCENT OF ENERGY NEEDS BESIDES, WATER IS ONE OF THE MOST SERIOUS THREATS FACING THE COUNTRY NOW

  13. LEGISLATION FOR THE ENVIRONMENT • Law on the Protection of the Marine Environment, in 1982; • Law on Water Pollution Prevention, in 1984; • Law on the Protection and Control of the air pollution of 1987; • Law on the Prevention and Control of solid waste disposal of 1995. TOWARD A SOCIETY LAW CARBON BASED ON RENEWABLE ENERGY?

  14. EFFORTS TOWARD RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCES 2009: 34.6 BILION US DOLLARS INVESTED IN CLEAN TECHNOLOGY 2008-2013: INCREASE OF SIXFOLD THE DEMAND OF RENEWABLE ENERGY CHINA PRODUCES MORE WIND TURBINES AND SOLAR PANELS EACH YEAR THAN ANY OTHER COUNTRY IN THE WORLD

  15. CONCLUSION Whether China continues as an authoritarian colossus, stagnates, disintegrates, or becomes both freer and more prosperous will not just determine China's future, but shape the rest of the world's too. The Economist

  16. Thankyouforlistening Valeria Repetto

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