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Bacteria

Bacteria. Bacteria. Microscopic organisms that are prokaryotes Make up two kingdoms of the classification system: Eubacteria Archaebacteria First organism on earth Highly evolved and very diverse. Structure of a Bacteria. Chromosomes Capsule Ribosomes Cell Wall Plasma Membrane

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Bacteria

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  1. Bacteria

  2. Bacteria • Microscopic organisms that are prokaryotes • Make up two kingdoms of the classification system: • Eubacteria • Archaebacteria • First organism on earth • Highly evolved and very diverse

  3. Structure of a Bacteria • Chromosomes • Capsule • Ribosomes • Cell Wall • Plasma Membrane • Flagella - movement • Pili - attachment

  4. Eubacteria • The most common type of bacteria • Found almost everywhere except extreme environments • Strong cell walls made of peptidoglycan • Some have two cell walls

  5. Archaebacteria • Found in extreme environments • Thermoacidophiles: found in hot, acidic environments • Halophiles: found in very salty environments • Methanogens: cannot live in the presence of oxygen

  6. Bacteria Shapes • There are three different shapes of bacteria: • Cocci (round) • Bacilli (rod-shaped) • Spirilli (spiral-shaped)

  7. Cocci

  8. Bacilli

  9. Spirilli

  10. Reproduction • Most reproduce by binary fission • The cell divides into two daughter cells • The single chromosome is also duplicated

  11. Reproduction (Continued) • Certain bacteria undergo conjugation • Genetic information is transferred from one cell to another • New gene combinations are formed

  12. Survival • Certain bacteria may undergo Spore Formation to help survive in harsh environmental conditions • An endospore contains DNA and some cytoplasm • Remains dormant for months or years • Anthrax, botulism, tetanus

  13. Special Types of Bacteria • Photoautotrophs • Chemoautotrophs • Aerobes • Anaerobes • Facultative Anaerobes

  14. Harmful vs. Helpful Bacteria • Some bacteria are beneficial • Others are harmful • Micro-viewer lab

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