Computer Applications

1. CPU Monitor Storage ROM Output Device RAM Operating System Computer Applications Printer Hardware Vista Application System Database Computer Mouse Input Devices Software

2. Investigating Types of Computers Integrated Business Applications Travelers Rest High School

3. What is a computer? A computer is an electronic device that accepts instructions from a user, manipulates the information according to the instructions, displays the information in some way, and stores the information to retrieve later.

4. Characteristics and Limitations of Various Computers Based on Size • Personalcomputers are computers typically used by a single user, for the use in the home or office • Used for general computing tasks such as word processing, manipulating numbers, working with photographs, exchanging e-mail, and accessing the Internet.

5. Question • Who has a personal computer and what do you use it for?

6. Personal Computers • A personal computer is available as a • Desktop—designed to sit compactly on a desk • Can be purchased for a little as $300 • Notebook computer (laptop)—small, lightweight, and designed for portability • Can go as high at $3,500 • Tablet PC—designed for but includes the capability of recognizing ordinary handwriting on the screen. • Computer users spend between $800-$1500.

7. Hand-held Computers • Hand-held computers are small computers that fit in the palm of your hand. • Hand-held computers have more limited capabilities than personal computers • PDA (personal digital assistants)—generally used to maintain an electron appointment book, address book, calculator, and notepad • MP3 players—primarily used to store and play music, some can play movies or TV shows • Cell phones—Personal contact list.

8. Mainframe Computers • Mainframe computers are used by larger businesses and government agencies to provide centralized storage, processing and management for large amounts of data. • The price of a mainframe computer varies widely, from several hundred thousand dollars to several million dollars.

9. Supercomputers • The largest and fastest computers, called Supercomputers, are used by large corporations and government agencies with the tremendous volume of data would seriously delay processing of a mainframe computer • A supercomputer can costs tens of millions of dollars.

10. Pop Quiz Which computer costs the most? Supercomputer Desktop MP3 Players Which computer was built primarily to sit on the desk? Which computer primarily purpose was to hold music, movies or TV shows?

11. Examining Computer Systems

12. Information Processing Cycle A computer has four functions: a. accepts data Input b. processes data Processing c. produces output Output d. stores results Storage The Information Processing Cycle

13. Understanding Hardware and Software • A computer system includes computer hardware and software. • A computer’s hardware is the computer item you can physically see or touch. • The software is the intangible components of the computer systems that the computer needs to perform a specific task.

14. Examining Input Devices • The data or instructions you type into the computer are called Input.

15. Types of Input • One of the most frequently used input devices is a keyboard. • Another common input device is a pointingdevice, which controls the pointer, a small arrow or other symbol on the screen. • Most popular pointing device is a mouse. • Scanner is a device that transfer the content on a piece of paper into memory. • Microphones are another type of input device.

16. Processing • Processing is the thinking that the computer does - the calculations, comparisons, and decisions. • Modern computers are digital, that is, all info is stored as a string of zeros or ones - off or on. All the thinking in the computer is done by manipulating these digits. The concept is simple, but working it all out gets complicated.

17. Memory • Memory—A computer’s temporary storage place, where it gets its work done. • There are five main types of memory on your computer • Random Access Memory • Read Only Memory • Cache Memory • Virtual Memory • Complementary Metal Oxide Semicondutor Memory

18. Measuring Memory • Bit—Short for binary digit, a bit is the smallest memory unit. Eight bits equals one byte. • Byte—Equals to one character (letter, number) • Kilobyte (K or KB) –1,024 bytes • Megabyte (M or MB)—1,048,576 bytes • Gigabyte (G or GB)—1,073,741,824 bytes • Terabyte (T or TB)—1,099,511,627,776 bytes

19. RAM • Random Access Memory • Computer’s main memory which is used to process information. • This memory is volatile, which means unsaved data disappears when you shut off the computer.

20. ROM • Read-only memory • Computer’s low level memory, which is used to perform its most basic functions (example, start the computer). • This memory is nonvolatile, which means data remains even when you shut off the computer.

21. Examining Output Devices • Output is the results of processing data. • Most commonly used output devices are monitors and printers.

22. Output Devices • Types of Output Devices • Hard copy • Printer • Microfilm • Soft copy • Monitor • Projector • Sound

23. Storage • Storage refers to the media and methods used to keep information available for later use • Examples of storage • CD • DVD • Flash Drives • Removable hard drives

24. Understanding System Software • System software helps the computer carry out its basic operating tasks. • Loading programs and data into memory • Executing programs • Saving data to disks • Displaying information on the monitor • Transmitting data through a port to a peripheral device.

25. Cold and Warm Boot • Cold Boot--The start-up of a computer from a powered-down, or off, state. • Warm Boot-- restarting a computer via the operating system.

26. Application Program • Enables you to perform specific computer tasks. PowerPoint Word Excel Access

27. How to Purchase a Personal Computer • Do you want a desktop computer or mobile computer? • For what purposes will you use the computer? • Should the computer be compatible with the computers at school or work? Microsoft Office 2007: Introductory Concepts and Techniques - Windows Vista Edition

28. How to Purchase a Desktop Computer • Determine the specific software you want to use on your computer • Know the System Requirements of the Operating System • Look for bundled software • Avoid buying the least powerful computer available • Consider upgrades to the mouse, keyboard, monitor, printer, microphone, and speakers Microsoft Office 2007: Introductory Concepts and Techniques - Windows Vista Edition

29. How to Purchase a Desktop Computer • Determine whether you want to use telephone lines or broadband (cable or DSK) to access the Internet • If you are using a dial-up or wireless connection to connect to the Internet, then select an ISP or OSP • Use a worksheet to compare computers, services, and other considerations • If you are buying a new computer, you have several purchasing options: buying from your school bookstore, a local computer dealer, a local large retail store, or ordering by mail via telephone or the Web • If you are buying a used computer, stay with name brands such as Dell, Gateway, Hewlett-Packard, and Apple Microsoft Office 2007: Introductory Concepts and Techniques - Windows Vista Edition

30. How to Purchase a Desktop Computer • If you have a computer and are upgrading to a new one, then consider selling or trading in the old one • Be aware of hidden costs • Consider more than just price • Avoid restocking fees • Use a credit card to purchase your new computer • Consider purchasing an extended warranty or service plan Microsoft Office 2007: Introductory Concepts and Techniques - Windows Vista Edition

31. How to Purchase a Notebook Computer • Purchase a notebook computer with a sufficiently large active-matrix screen • Experiment with different keyboards and pointing devices • Make sure the notebook computer you purchase has a CD and/or DVD drive • If necessary, upgrade the processor, memory, and disk storage at the time of purchase Microsoft Office 2007: Introductory Concepts and Techniques - Windows Vista Edition

32. How to Purchase a Notebook Computer • The availability of built-in ports and a port extender on a notebook computer is important • If you plan to use your notebook computer for note-taking at school or in meetings, consider a notebook computer that converts to a Tablet PC • Purchase a notebook computer with a built-in wireless network connection • If you are going to use your notebook computer for long periods without access to an electrical outlet, purchase a second battery Microsoft Office 2007: Introductory Concepts and Techniques - Windows Vista Edition

33. How to Purchase a Notebook Computer • Purchase a well-padded and well-designed carrying case • If you travel overseas, obtain a set of electrical and telephone adapters • If you plan to connect your notebook computer to a video projector, make sure the notebook computer is compatible with the video projector • For improved security, consider a fingerprint scanner Microsoft Office 2007: Introductory Concepts and Techniques - Windows Vista Edition

34. How to Purchase a Tablet PC • Make sure the Tablet PC fits your mobile computing needs • Decide whether you want a convertible or pure Tablet PC • Be sure the weight and dimensions are conducive to portability • Port availability, battery life, and durability are even more important with a Tablet PC than they are with a notebook computer Microsoft Office 2007: Introductory Concepts and Techniques - Windows Vista Edition

35. How to Purchase a Tablet PC • Experiment with different models of the Tablet PC to find the digital pen that works best for you • Check out the comfort level of handwriting in different positions • Make sure the LCD display device has a resolution high enough to take advantage of Microsoft’s ClearType technologies • Test the built-in Tablet PC microphone and speakers Microsoft Office 2007: Introductory Concepts and Techniques - Windows Vista Edition

36. How to Purchase a Tablet PC • Consider a Tablet PC with a built-in PC video camera • Review the docking capabilities of the Tablet PC • Wireless access to the Internet and your e-mail is essential with a Tablet PC • Review available accessories to purchase with your Tablet PC Microsoft Office 2007: Introductory Concepts and Techniques - Windows Vista Edition

37. How to Purchase a Personal Mobile Device • Determine the programs you plan to run on your device • Consider how much you want to pay • Determine whether you need wireless access to the Internet and e-mail or mobile telephone capabilities with your device • For wireless devices, determine how and where you will use the service Microsoft Office 2007: Introductory Concepts and Techniques - Windows Vista Edition

38. How to Purchase a Personal Mobile Device • Make sure your device has enough memory and storage • Practice with the touch screen, handwriting recognition, and built-in keyboard before deciding on a model • Decide whether you want a color display • Compare battery life Microsoft Office 2007: Introductory Concepts and Techniques - Windows Vista Edition

39. How to Purchase a Personal Mobile Device • Seriously consider the importance of ergonomics • Check out the accessories • Decide whether you want additional functionality • Determine whether synchronization of data with other devices or personal computers is important Microsoft Office 2007: Introductory Concepts and Techniques - Windows Vista Edition

40. REVIEW QUESTIONS Basic Computer Concepts

41. Which one of the following would not be considered a personal computer? • Desktop • Notebook • Mainframe • Tablet PC Answer: C

42. The tangible components of a computer system, including the programs are called_______ • Software • Hardware • Price • Peripherals Answer: B

43. Monitors and printers are all examples of which of the following? • Input devices • Output devices • Software • Storage Answer: B