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755-761 * Analyze a primary source document * Describe efforts to restore the

755-761 * Analyze a primary source document * Describe efforts to restore the balance of power in Europe after 1815. The Carlsbad Decrees Read the selections from the Carlsbad Decrees (1819) and briefly summarize or highlight the main points of the

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755-761 * Analyze a primary source document * Describe efforts to restore the

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  1. 755-761 * Analyze a primary source document * Describe efforts to restore the balance of power in Europe after 1815

  2. The Carlsbad Decrees • Read the selections from the Carlsbad • Decrees (1819) and briefly summarize • or highlight the main points of the • document.

  3. Political Spectrum

  4. Front of Room RADICAL …Liberal……Conservative…REACTIONARY GO to your spot and hold up your card!! Back of Room

  5. The Peace Settlement (Post-Napoleonic Era) • Before 1815, economic and political revolutions, such as the Industrial Revolution and French Revolution, seemed to operate separately…. HOWEVER;…. • After 1815, the economic and political changes of Europe during the both the French Revolution and Industrial Revolution FUSED them together. • For example, as the middle class gained wealth during the Industrial Revolution, they then also demanded more representation in Parliament in Britain. • This is referred to as the “Dual Revolution”.

  6. The Peace Settlement in Europe Think about where these events might fit on the political spectrum

  7. The Congress of Vienna(September 1, 1814 – June 9, 1815)

  8. Key Players at the Congress of Vienna Foreign Minister, Viscount Castlereagh (Br.) Tsar Alexander I (Rus.) The “Host”Prince Klemens von Metternich (Aus.) King Frederick William III (Prus.) Foreign Minister, Charles Mauricede Tallyrand (Fr.)

  9. Congress of Vienna • Goal was establish a peace settlement and restore the balance of • power after Napoleon’s wars of expansion. • France was treated somewhat leniently: • Restored Bourbon Dynasty with King Louis XVIII, which was based on the ”Rule of Legitimacy”. • Created defensive barriers against France. • The Low Countries (Belgium/Holland) united with the Dutch. • Austria took Venetia, Lombardy and control of the Confederation of German States. • Prussia took half of the German region of Saxony. • Russia restored an independent Poland but held control of it in exchange for allowing Prussia to claim Saxony.

  10. Congress of Vienna • France was treated somewhat leniently: • Created defensive barriers against France. • The Low Countries (Belgium/Holland) united with the Dutch. • Austria took Venetia, Lombardy and control of the Confederation of German States. • Prussia took half of the German region of Saxony. • Russia restored an independent Poland but held control of it in exchange for allowing Prussia to claim Saxony • France must pay indemnity of 700 million Francs. • France must support an army of occupation for 5 years.

  11. Europe in 1812

  12. Europe After the Congress of Vienna

  13. The Peace Settlement Austria, Great Britain, Prussia and Russia A/GB secret alliance against Russia/Prussia, but war threatened, halted, the “balance of power” worked. Agreed to meet periodically to keep peace, act as a “sentinal” against France and established the use of the “congress system” in Europe.

  14. The Peace Settlement Goal to repress liberal andrevolutionary mvmnts. Acted in Spain, Two Sicilies (Ferdinand I) to restore kings, BUT unable to do so in Americas. Austria, Russia and Prussia

  15. The Peace Settlement Forced German Confederation to sign, required them to root out liberal ideas universities, newspapers…used spies. Austrian Minister Metternich

  16. The Metternich System: • Metternich was determined to defend • the existing sociopolitical system in • Europe (status quo). • This stance made him the enemy of • most liberals of Europe! • Why was he so opposed to liberalism? • Born into the landed nobility he • viewed the proper state/society • was that of PRE-1789 Europe! • Believed liberalism had led to a • generation of war and bloodshed. • Saw liberalism as the cause of • revolution in France and the • Americas. • Thought liberalism only stirred up • the lower classes. “Mr. Conservative” Prince Klemens von Metternich (Austria)

  17. The Metternich System: • Why was he so opposed to liberalism? • He saw liberalism as supporting • Nationalism with the idea of “self- • Determination”. • This was particularly dangerous • to Austria since it included • many different nationalities! • Germans • Magyars • Czechs • Other smaller groups such • as Italians, Serbs, Slovenes, • Croats, Poles scattered • throughout the region • Austria claimed. “Mr. Conservative”Prince Klemens von Metternich (Austria)

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