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Thermomechanical Processing of High T c Superconducting Wire

This project aims to improve the superconductivity of High-Tc Superconducting Wire by investigating thermomechanical processes. The project layout and timeline include characterization of BSCCO tape, investigation of thermomechanical processes, and improving superconductivity. The main risks identified include measurement errors and contamination, while the prospects and potential prototypes include electric power transmission lines, transformers, electromagnets, motors, and magnetic levitation.

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Thermomechanical Processing of High T c Superconducting Wire

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  1. Thermomechanical Processing of High Tc Superconducting Wire Super BSCCO Family C. Bjelkengren B. Cooper Y. King S. Maltas

  2. Outline • Background • Materials • Phenomenon • Technology • Project Layout and Time Line • Characterization of BSCCO Tape • Investigation of Thermomechanical Processes • Improvement of Superconductivity • Areas of Further Research • Identification of Main Risks • Prospects and Potential Prototypes Super BSCCO Family 2

  3. Background - Materials • High Tc Superconduction originates from crystal structure • Bi2Sr2Ca2Cu3O8 BSCCO-2223 • Perovskite/Rocksalt derivatives with alternating (0 0 n) planes • Highly anisotropic (superconduction along Cu-O planes) • High degree of texturing required to keep grains/Cu-O planes aligned Super BSCCO Family 3

  4. Background - Materials • BSCCO-2212 Crystal Structure Bi Sr Ca Cu O BSCCO-2223: Quadruple Rocksalt followed by Triple Perovskite Double Rocksalt followed by Double Perovskite Super BSCCO Family 4

  5. Background - Phenomenon • Covalent Cu-O bonding and Cu3+ valence states leads to partly filled energy bands • Oxidation to Cu3+ leaves a hole in the conduction band for p-type conductivity • Weak localization of valence electrons (low ionic character) • Alkaline and rare earth metals act as charge reservoirs Super BSCCO Family 5

  6. Background - Phenomenon • Cooper pairs at critical low T: • Under an electric potential, electrons are paired by the temporary polarization of a cation core • Phonons couple, rather than scatter, electrons • Zero resistance, perfect diamagnetism (Meissner effect) Super BSCCO Family 6

  7. Background - Technology HTS wire Ship Propulsion/Generation, Industrial Motors, Condensers http://www.amersuper.com/products Super BSCCO Family 7

  8. Project Layout and Time Line • Improving the Superconductivity Eliminating Porosity and Cracking • Week 1-3: Characterization of BSCCO Tape • Week 4-8: Investigation of Thermomechanical Processes • Week 9-14: Improving Superconductivity/Working on Prototype Super BSCCO Family 8

  9. Project Layout and Time Line • Characterization of BSCCO Tape • Preparation of Samples: long/short transverse, filet • Light Microscopy: structural observations • Differential Scanning Calorimetery: phasetransistion identification • Critical Current Measurement: initial property characterization • Scanning Electron Microscopy: qualitative microstructural observations • x-ray Analysis: quantitative texture observations (0-1) Super BSCCO Family 9

  10. Project Layout and Time Line • Investigation of Thermomechanical Processes • Cold Deformation: rolling, suspend under tension • Heat Treatment: 150 – 800 oC • Uniaxial Hot Deformation • Hot Isotactic Pressing: ensure no phase transformation • Directional Graingrowth: temperature gradient Super BSCCO Family 10

  11. Project Layout and Time Line • Improving Superconductivity • Defined Processing Sequence • Determined Process Variables: T, t, P • Goal: Jc of 200kA/cm2 • Measure of Success: Ic, SEM, x-ray Super BSCCO Family 11

  12. Project Layout and Time Line

  13. Areas of Further Research • Reading • Journals • Research Thermomechanical Processes • Research Prototype Ideas • Self-user training • SEM: D. Bono, J. Adario • x-ray: J. Adario • Ic: D. Bono • Locate Resource Facilities • Vander Sande: manufacturing of BSCCO tape • Hiping: American Superconductor Super BSCCO Family 13

  14. Identification of Main Risks • Time Critical Step • Defining Processing Sequence • Determining Process Variables • Measurement Errors • Ic: maintain constant measuring conditions • x-ray: separate readings of texture from BSCCO and Ag • Contamination: the sample might contain sulfur resides from manufacturing • Prototype Development • Does Postprocessing Affect Superconductivity: bending etc Super BSCCO Family 14

  15. Prospects and Potential Prototypes • General Benefits • More Current / Area • Higher Efficiency • Less Material • Lower Mass • Lower Production and Transportation Costs • Specific Applications • Electric Power Transmission Lines • Transformers • Electromagnets • Motors • Magnetic Levitation Super BSCCO Family 15

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