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中華電信公司北區分公司 基隆營業處 數機二股

中華電信公司北區分公司 基隆營業處 數機二股. 有線傳輸概述. 黃首勳. PDH 傳輸基本架構. 對絞線. 同軸電纜. 對絞線. 同軸電纜. 局 間光纜. 市話交換機. 交換機. HDSL. 光 終 端 機. 光 終 端 機. M13. M13. HDSL. MSDSL. MSDSL. M13. M13. FOM. FOM. M13. M13. DXC. E1-MUX. SDH. 行動交換機. T1 或 E1. DS3 45 MHz. SDH. SDH. PDH 傳輸基本架構. 光配線箱. 局間光纜.

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中華電信公司北區分公司 基隆營業處 數機二股

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  1. 中華電信公司北區分公司基隆營業處 數機二股 有線傳輸概述 黃首勳

  2. PDH傳輸基本架構 對絞線 同軸電纜 對絞線 同軸電纜 局 間光纜 市話交換機 交換機 HDSL 光 終 端 機 光 終 端 機 M13 M13 HDSL MSDSL MSDSL M13 M13 FOM FOM M13 M13 DXC E1-MUX SDH 行動交換機 T1 或E1 DS3 45 MHz SDH SDH

  3. PDH傳輸基本架構 光配線箱 局間光纜 光配線箱 DS3 跳線架 DS3 跳線架 DS1 跳線架 DS1 跳線架 市話交換機 交換機 HDSL M13 M13 HDSL MSDSL 光終端機 光終端機 MSDSL M13 M13 FOM FOM M13 M13 DXC E1-MUX 行動交換機 SDH T1 或E1 DS3 45 MHz SDH SDH

  4. 各種傳輸設備介面-光終端機 • 光終端機 • 用戶介面為DS3 • 傳輸介面為光信號 2芯局間光纜 光終端機 光終端機 DS3 介面 DS3 介面 光信號

  5. 各種傳輸設備介面-FOM • FOM • 用戶介面為T1/E1/DS3 • 傳輸介面為光信號 DS1 跳線架 2芯用戶光纜 FOM FOM DSU Router 網咖 基地台 光信號 T1/E1/DS3 介面 T1/E1/DS3 介面

  6. 各種傳輸設備介面-HDSL • HDSL • 用戶介面為DS1/E1 • 傳輸介面為HDSL DS1 跳線架 4芯銅纜 HDSL-C HDSL-R DSU Router 網咖 DS1/E1 介面 DS1/E1 介面 HDSL信號 或 基地台

  7. 各種傳輸設備介面-MSDSL • MSDSL • 用戶介面為DS1/E1 • 傳輸介面為MSDSL DS1 跳線架 2芯銅纜 MSDSL-C MSDSL-R DSU Router 網咖 DS1/E1 介面 DS1/E1 介面 HDSL信號 或 基地台

  8. 光纖跳線 • 光配線箱:OLDF • 背面為局間光纜,或用戶光纜,或SDH, 不須更動. • 前面為光纖跳線,一芯 OUT ,一芯 IN, • 接頭種類:FC:圓形,SC:方形,LC:小方形 • 單模:黃色 • 多模:橘色 • 防塵:使用保護套防塵,必要時以高壓除塵氣除塵,或光纖專用之清潔用具除塵 • 勿折彎，勿壓迫,勿拉扯 FC:圓形 SC:方形 LC:小方形

  9. Synchronous Digital Hierarchy byte - multiplexing 4 byte - multiplexing STM - 1 155.52 Mbit/s STM - 4 622.08 Mbit/s STM - 1 155.52 Mbit/s STM - 4 622.08 Mbit/s STM - 1 155.52 Mbit/s STM - 16 2.488 Gbit/s STM - 1 155.52 Mbit/s STM - 4 622.08 Mbit/s STM - 4 622.08 Mbit/s

  10. ETSI SONET Bit Rate Mbit/s Signal Designation Signal Designation Level Level OC-1 OC-3 OC-9 OC-12 OC-18 OC-24 OC-36 OC-48 STS-1 STS-3 STS-9 STS-12 STS-18 STS-24 STS-36 STS-48 51.840 155.520 466.560 622.080 933.120 1244.160 1866.240 2488.320 1 4 16 STM-1 STM-4 STM-16 Bit Rates and Level Designations STS = Synchr.Transport Signal OC = Optical Carrier STM = Synchr.Transport Module Bit Rates in Mbit/s

  11. SDH ETSI Multiplex Scheme X1 xN 140 Mbit/s VC-4 C-4 STM-N AU-4 AUG X3 X1 VC-3 TU-3 TUG-3 34 Mbit/s C-3 X7 45 Mbit/s X1 VC-2 TU-2 TUG-2 X3 2 Mbit/s C-12 TU-12 VC-12 VC-12 POINTER 1,5 Mbit/s POH/SOH C-11 VC-11 VC-11 VC-12

  12. STM-1 Frame Structure A2 C1 A1 F1 E1 B1 RSOH D1 D2 D3 Pointer Area K1 K2 9 B2 D4 D6 D5 MSOH D8 D9 D7 Payload STM 1 : 155 Mbit/s D11 D12 D10 STM 4 : 622 Mbit/s STM 16 : 2,5 Gbit/s Z2 E2 Z1 270

  13. SDH Network Element • Line Regenerator (LR) • Terminal Multiplexer (TM) STM-M 2M 34/45M 140M STM-N STM-N STM-N LR-N TM-N/M • Add-Drop Multiplexer (ADM) • Local Cross Connect (LXC) • Digital Cross Connect System (DXC) STM-N STM-N STM-M 2M 34/45M 140M ADM-N/M STM-M 2M 34/45M 140M LCX/DXC STM-M, 2M, 34/45M, 140M

  14. SDH Network Topology model Switching Transport Tier 1 Trunk Core Network Network Tier 2 Junction Large Regional Regional Network Urban Area Area Network Metro Area Rural Local Tier 3 Area Network Urban Area Local/ Access Network Distribution Network

  15. Taffic Patterns Dual Hubbed, hubs max apart Dual Hubbed, hubs adjacent Adjacent Uniform Single Hub

  16. Two Transport Tiers,low traffic volume LO Routing Granularity STM-16 With 1 access ring. LO Routing Granularity STM-1/4

  17. Two Transport Tiers,high traffic volume HO Routing Granularity STM-16/64 With 2 or 3 access rings! LO Routing Granularity STM-1/4/16

  18. Three Transport Tiers HO Routing Granularity STM-16 / 64 2 or 3 regional rings STM-4 /16 LO Routing Granularity ? 1-2 access rings : SDH ADM> 2 access rings : DCS STM-1 / 4 LO Routing Granularity

  19. Before Using DXC? DDF DDF Switching NE #1 Transmission NE #1 Switching NE #2 Transmission NE #n Thousands of Circuit Connect Manually!

  20. What is DXC? CIT(GUI) Managed by Management System DXC is like this one! Switching NE #1 Transmission NE #1 Switching NE #2 Transmission NE #n

  21. Digital Distribution Frame Digital Cross Connect PDH/ SDH PDH/ SDH PDH/ SDH PDH/ SDH Digital Cross Connect EvolutionFrom Digital Distribution Frame to Digital Cross Connect

  22. What is DXC? (continuous) • DXC M/N N: Internal Cross-connect Level, VC-4, VC-3, VC-12 etc. M: Input port signal Level, VC-4, VC-3, VC-12 etc. For Example: DASC II 1/0 DASC V 4/4 DASC VI 4/1 WaveStar DASC 4/4/3/1 • DXC Capacity: Number of Input/Output port For Example: DASC V: 256 x 256 STM-1 DASC VI: 64 x 64 STM-1 WaveStar DASC 4/4/3/1: 256 x 256 STM-1, can be upgraded to 512 x 512 STM-1

  23. What is DXC? (continuous) DXC 4/4 (HO XC) DXC 4/4/1 (HO, LO XC, LO Grooming) DXC 4/1 (LO XC, LO Grooming) DXC 4/4/1 configuration DXC 4/4 + DXC 4/1 configuration

  24. WaveStar™ DACS 4/4/1 Control Architecture ITM-NM CIT(GUI) Office ITM-SC Main Controller BCLAN 2 Mbps STM-1/E STM-1/O 34 Mbps I/O Subrack Switch Core I/O Subrack STM-1/E 45 Mbps 622 Mb/s 622 Mb/s 140 Mbps I/O Subrack I/O Subrack STM-0 STM-1/O

  25. 1 1 2 Mbps 34 Mbps 64 64 45 Mbps 140 Mbps 1 1 64 64 WaveStar™ DACS 4/4/1 Transport Architecture Office boundery Office boundery SDH STM-1 E/O STM-4 /O 2 I/O N Switch Matrix I/O STM-1 E/O STM-4 /O PDH PDH 2 Mbps 34 Mbps 45 Mbps 140 Mbps SDH Mux/Line SDH Mux/Line STM-1 E/O STM-1 E/O STM-4 /O STM-4 /O STM-16 /O STM-16 /O Integration of External Multiplexers

  26. N2 cross-point matrix diagram N x Inputs Total N2 cross-point N x Outputs

  27. Single Stage Matrix 1 2 N2 matrix 256 1 2 256 WaveStar™ DACS 4/4/1 N2 Matrix Concept

  28. Output Stage Center Stage Input Stage 1 1 2 2 # 1 # 1 # 1 # 2 # 2 # 2 # n # n # n 256 256 WaveStar™ DACS 4/4/1 Conventional Matrix Architecture

  29. BSIU BSIU BSSU BSSU BSSU BSSU BSSU BSSU BSSU BSSU BSSU BSSU BSIU BSIU BSIU BSIU BSIU BSIU P U BSIU BSIU IU IU BSIU BSIU BSIU BSIU BSIU BSIU BSIU BSIU BSIU BSIU WaveStar™ DACS 4/4/1 Cross-Connect Architecture N2 XCON b1 b2 b3 b4 P U b5 b6 b7 b8 p1 p2 I/O subrack I/O subrack CC subrack Single Stage, Triple Matrix Redundancy and Less Matrix-to-I/O Interconnect

  30. Bit 1 Bit 2 Bit Slice Bit 3 Input Signal Bit 4 Bit 5 Bit 6 Bit 7 Bit 8 Protection Bit 1 Protection Bit 2 WaveStar™ DACS 4/4/1 N2Bit-Slice Switch Concept 2:8 Shared Protection

  31. 2, 34, 45, 140 Mbps WS DACS PDH Access ADM STM-1E 2, 34, 45, 140 Mbps PDH Access LXC STM-1E STM-1E 2, 34, 45, 140 Mbps PDH Access MUX WaveStar™ DACS 4/4/1

  32. ADM ADM STM-4/16/64 Rings ADM ADM ADM ADM PDH or Lower-Order SDH PDH or Lower-Order SDH STM-1E ADM ADM WS DACS STM-4/16/64 Rings ADM ADM ADM ADM PDH or Lower-Order SDH STM-1E STM-1E ADM ADM STM-4/16/64 Rings ADM ADM ADM ADM WaveStar™ DACS 4/4/1

  33. WaveStar™ DACS 4/4/1 STM-16/64 Lines Optical Line Systems WS DACS Backbone Regional Network PDH or Lower-OrderSDH ADM ADM ADM ADM ADM ADM ADM ADM STM-1E STM-4/16/64 Rings STM-1E STM-1E Undersea Cable Network Optical Line Systems STM-16/64 Lines

  34. WS DACS PDH or Lower-Order SDH PDH or Lower-Order SDH ADM ADM ADM ADM ADM ADM ADM ADM ADM ADM STM-4/16/64 Rings STM-4/16/64 Rings WaveStar™ DACS 4/4/1

  35. ITM NM/XM ITM SC ITM SC PSDN ISM SLM ISM ISM ISM SLM ISM SLM ISM ISM SLM ISM DACS 4/4/1 DACS 4/4/1 ISM SLM ISM Service path example ISM ISM SLM SLM ISM ISM ISM SLM ISM DACS Application: Easy Path Set-up

  36. 光交接機(OXC)

  37. 現有SDH/OADM骨幹傳輸網路 Client: STM-1/4/16/64 GbE GbE SDH SDH GbE SDH GbE SDH SDH GbE SDH 1.由STM-64/OADM Ring在機房 內BACK-TO-BACK提供電路 2.不同SDH系統互連亦以光纖 BACK-TO-BACK連接 STM64-ADM/OADM

  38. 傳輸網路將由STM-64 Ring逐漸演進為OXC Mesh, Ring退居Access Client: STM-1/4/16/64 GbE GbE GbE SDH GbE SDH SDH SDH ROADM SDH CWDM GbE SDH STM64-ADM/WDM SDH

  39. IP + Optical hardware integration Separate IP & Optical Colored Optics in IP WDM (W) WDM (W) OXC/WDM WDM (W) WDM (W) WDM Transport Open Switched Optical Mesh

  40. O/E Electric Switch Fabric E/O O/E/O Photonic Switch Fabric O/E/O Photonic Switch Fabric 貳、光交接機分類 a) Opaque EXC(OXC) b) Opaque PXC c) Transparent PXC

  41. 輸 入 輸 出 交換矩陣 640Gbit/s λ 交換矩陣 640Gbit/s λ 鐘源 鐘訊 電源 電源 告警 告警 控制 控制 光交接機(OXC)光交接機構成

  42. 長網系統 DWDM DWDM DWDM DWDM SAN IP/IEthernet ATM DSLAM T1/T3 STM-N OXC 區網系統 OADM OADM OADM OADM OXC OADM 都會系統 OADM OADM MSSP ADM MSSP ADM OXC ADM MSSP 未來引進OXC 後之CHT骨幹傳輸網路

  43. 迎接傳輸網路變革與挑戰 • IP訊務與快速服務已成主流，傳輸網路變革： • 應兼具備GE Crossconnect 與granularity功能與快速Restoration機制，OXC+NG SDH/OADM符合潮流 2. 因應競爭，未來是否提供Managed wavelength出租 3. 採購時程:總公司將於95年6月委託邁肯錫顧問公司探討網路IP化報告後做出決策，並擬定是否開放與開放時程 4. OXC單獨採購效益不易評估, 應與NG-SDHㄧ起採購，避免 不同廠牌網管互連與維運問題，並藉減少廠牌，降低 CAPEX與OPEX

  44. Next Generation SDH

  45. NG SDH 簡介 NG SDH(下一代SDH)簡介 1 GFP (Generic Framing Procedure - G.7041) 2 Virtual Concatenation(虛擬複聯) (VCAT - G.707) 3 LCAS (Link Capacity Adjustment Scheme - G.7042)鏈路容量調整機制

  46. STM-1/4/16/64 10M MSTP TDM IP ATM SDH 1000M 300M IP/ATM 500M 為什麼需要 NG SDH (下一代SDH) • 數據服務的迅猛發展 • 彙整語音和數據服務 • 可同時傳送packet 和TDM服務 • 傳統SDH的演進 • 支援多種的TDM ports 和多種的data 接取介面

  47. NG SDH (下一代SDH)的主要技術 • 可為 TDM 和 data 服務提供有彈性頻寬分配的下一代 SDH的主要技術。 • GFP 封裝技術(Generic Framing Procedure - G.7041) • Virtual Concatenation(虛擬複聯) (VCAT - G.707) • LCAS (Link Capacity Adjustment Scheme - G.7042)鏈路容量調整機制

  48. 1.Customer IP 3.Operator Adaptation Core SDH Edge Ethernet 1.GFP Generic Frame Procedure ? VC Virtual Concatenation Ficon SONET/ SDH SONET MUX/DEMUX Native Interfaces Escon Fibre Channel 2.LAPS That’s “ NG SDH “ NG SDH 功能方塊圖 2.Edge NE (NG SDH) LCAS Link Capacity Adjustment Scheme

  49. GFP-F GFP-FClient vs. Transport Rate Constant Transport Rate Variable Client Rate Mbit/s Mbit/s FIFO Mapper IDLEs + t t Client GFP-F IDLEs GFP-F Mapper Ethernet Fast Ethernet Gigabit Ethernet IP PPP GFP之目的及基本原理

  50. GFP-TClient vs. Transport Rate GFP-T Constant Client Data Rate Constant Transport Rate Mbit/s Mbit/s Mapper 100+x % Decoder/ Coder 100 % t t Effective Payload GFP-T Mapper +Client IDLEs GFP Overhead Client IDLEs Fibre Channel ESCON FICON Gigabit Ethernet 10 GigE Anything! Effective Payload GFP之目的及基本原理

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