1 / 54

Tachinid Fly ( Lespesia archippivora ) Parasitism of Monarch Butterfly Larvae ( Danaus plexippus )

Tachinid Fly ( Lespesia archippivora ) Parasitism of Monarch Butterfly Larvae ( Danaus plexippus ). Kaitlyn Creasey February 14, 2007. University of Minnesota. Dr. Karen Oberhauser. Tachinid Fly ( Lespesia archippivora ). Photo by Author. Armyworm.

shadow
Download Presentation

Tachinid Fly ( Lespesia archippivora ) Parasitism of Monarch Butterfly Larvae ( Danaus plexippus )

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Tachinid Fly (Lespesia archippivora) Parasitism of Monarch Butterfly Larvae (Danaus plexippus) Kaitlyn Creasey February 14, 2007

  2. University of Minnesota Dr. Karen Oberhauser

  3. Tachinid Fly (Lespesia archippivora) Photo by Author

  4. Armyworm

  5. Monarch Butterfly Larva (Danaus plexippus) Photo by Author

  6. Life Cycle of Tachinid Flies Photos by Author and Dr. Karen Oberhauser

  7. Life Cycle of Tachinid Flies Photos by Author and Dr. Karen Oberhauser

  8. Life Cycle of Tachinid Flies Photos by Author and Dr. Karen Oberhauser

  9. Life Cycle of Tachinid Flies Photos by Author and Dr. Karen Oberhauser

  10. Life Cycle of Tachinid Flies Photos by Author and Dr. Karen Oberhauser

  11. Life Cycle of Tachinid Flies Photos by Author and Dr. Karen Oberhauser

  12. Monarch Instars Photo used with permission of Dr. Karen Oberhauser

  13. Egg Photo used with permission of Dr. Karen Oberhauser

  14. First-instar Photo used with permission of Dr. Karen Oberhauser

  15. Second-instar Photo used with permission of Dr. Karen Oberhauser

  16. Third-instar Photo used with permission of Dr. Karen Oberhauser

  17. Fourth-instar Photo used with permission of Dr. Karen Oberhauser

  18. Fifth-instar Photo used with permission of Dr. Karen Oberhauser

  19. Focus of Project • Continue Oberhauser study (2000-2005) on wild monarch tachinid parasitism • Study correlations of sex, mass, and length of pupation of tachinid pupae • Successfully parasitize monarch larvae with laboratory-raised tachinid flies

  20. Photo by Author

  21. Background • Goal 2: Find correlation between tachinid pupae sex, mass, and duration of pupal stage of tachinid flies • Cardoza et al. (1997)

  22. Hypotheses • Female tachinid pupae would be larger than male tachinid pupae and duration of pupal stage would be longer for females • Number of tachinid larvae laid on a monarch larva would affect the mass of tachinid pupae

  23. Solutions for Problems Encountered • After 24 hours, monarch larvae had died before any tachinid larvae could emerge

  24. Solutions for Problems Encountered • After 24 hours, monarch larvae had died before any tachinid larvae could emerge • Echegaray (1975)

  25. Solutions for Problems Encountered • After 24 hours, monarch larvae had died before any tachinid larvae could emerge • Echegaray (1975) • Dissection showed an average of 20 tachinid fly larvae in a single dead monarch larvae

  26. Superparasitized Monarch Larva

  27. Superparasitized Monarch Larva

  28. Superparasitized Monarch Larva

  29. Superparasitized Monarch Larva

  30. Solutions for Problems Encountered • Larvae exposure time to the flies was shortened in order to avoid super parasitism and allow tachinid larvae to fully develop

  31. Tachinid Fly Parasitized Wild Monarch Larvae Survey

  32. Tachinid Fly Parasitized Wild Monarch Larvae Survey

  33. Percent Parasitized Monarch Larvae at each Site

  34. Percent Monarch Larvae vs. Instar at Collection (chi square value=11.296, df=6, 0.10>p>0.05)

  35. Mean Tachinid Pupa Mass vs. Sex (p=0.0001; standard error for females =9.31 x 10-4; standard error for males =1.97 x 10-3)

  36. Tachinid Sex vs. Tachinid Duration of Pupal Stage (p=0.0001; standard error for females =0.31; standard error for males =0.18)

  37. Number of Tachinid Larvae per Monarch Larva

  38. Number of Tachinid Larvae per Monarch Larvae vs. Mean Tachinid Pupae Mass (p=4.29E-4, standard error for 1-4 = 3.77E-5; standard error for 5-8 = 1.60E-5)

  39. Monarch Parasitisms by Tachinid Flies

  40. Conclusion • 7% wild monarch larvae parasitized

  41. Conclusion • 7% wild monarch larvae parasitized • Male tachinid pupae were statistically heavier than females and remained in the pupal stage longer than females

  42. Conclusion • 7% wild monarch larvae parasitized • Male tachinid pupae were statistically heavier than females and remained in the pupal stage longer than females • When a larger number of tachinid larvae emerged from host monarch larvae, the average mass of the tachinid pupae was significantly less

  43. Future Work • Continuing the study of percent of parasitized monarch larvae

More Related