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Light and Color

Light and Color. 4 th Grade Science. Core Content. Unifying Concepts SC-04-4.6.4 Students will: analyze models/representations of light in order to generalize about the behavior of light.

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Light and Color

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  1. Light and Color 4th Grade Science

  2. Core Content Unifying Concepts • SC-04-4.6.4 • Students will: • analyze models/representations of light in order to generalize about the behavior of light. • represent the path of light as it interacts with a variety of surfaces (reflecting, refracting, absorbing). • Light can be observed as traveling in a straight line until it strikes an object. Light can be reflected by a shiny object (e.g., mirror, spoon), refracted by a lens (e.g., magnifying glass, eyeglasses) or absorbed by an object (e.g., dark surface). Questions posed about the behavior and interaction of light with a variety of surfaces, can be explored through investigations using simple equipment.

  3. Essential Question • What does color have to do with light? • What makes a rainbow?

  4. Vocabulary • Prism – a solid object that bends (refracts) light. • Visible spectrum – The range of light energy that people can see • Remember ROY G BIV • Red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, and violet

  5. Real Life Application • Have you ever seen a rainbow? • Have you ever wondered what causes a rainbow?

  6. Facts about Light • What color is the sun? • Actually, sunlight is a mixture of all the colors of the rainbow. • White is the color of all the sun’s colors mixed together. • Different colors of light travel at different speeds in water and in glass. • So when white light moves from air to glass or from air to water, the different colors of light bend at different angles and separate into each individual color.

  7. Prisms • A prism is a solid object that bends light. • When white light hits a prism, each color of light bends at a different angle. • Red light is bent the least. • Blue light is bent the most. • The light that passes through a prism separates into a rainbow.

  8. Visible Spectrum • The visible spectrum is made up of all the colors of light that people can see. • These colors are red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, and violet.

  9. Rainbows • You can sometimes see a rainbow in the sky during a summer rain when the sun is out. • Because of the way the raindrops refract and reflect white sunlight, you can see a rainbow only when the sun is behind you.

  10. Rainbows Cont’d • Each drop of falling water in a rainstorm is like a tiny prism and mirror. • Sunlight enters a drop, is reflected from the back wall, and then passes out through the front. So, it is refracted twice just as it is in a prism.

  11. Rainbows Cont’d • There are more colors in a rainbow than anyone could count, however, most people use just seven to remember the order in which the bands always appear: red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, and violet.

  12. Adding Colors • A prism breaks white light into colors. • You can also add colors together. • When you add different colored lights together, they form other colors. • Shining a red light and a green light onto the same spot will make a yellow light. • Shining a blue light and a red light onto the same spot will make a purple light. • You can add red light, blue light, and green light in different ways to make all other colors.

  13. Adding Colors

  14. Adding Colors • Televisions and computer monitors add light colors. • The inside of a TV screen is coated with millions of tiny dots of red, green, and blue. • Dots that are near each other are made to glow in different patterns and brightnesses. • Your eyes combine the colors to make the pictures you see.

  15. Seeing Colors • All the colors of light, called white light, hit every object you see. • Most objects absorb most of the light, but not all of it.

  16. Seeing Colors Cont’d • What colors are being absorbed and reflected in the following pictures?

  17. Seeing Colors Cont’d

  18. Seeing Colors Cont’d • Mixing paint colors is a way of controlling absorption and reflection. • Yellow paint reflects yellows and absorbs other colors. • Blue paint reflects blues and absorbs other colors. • When you mix yellow and blue, all the other colors are absorbed except greens. • So, you see shades of green when you mix blue and yellow paint. • When you mix all paint colors, almost all light is absorbed, so you see black.

  19. Ticket Out the Door • Describe how a prism works. • Name the colors that make up white light. • Which light colors are absorbed and which are reflected by a yellow tulip?

  20. Let’s Review • White light is made up of many colors mixed together. • A prism separates the colors. • Raindrops act like prisms to form rainbows. • You can make colors by adding different colored lights. • The colors of objects you see are the oclors of light that the objects reflect.

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