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Clues to Earth’s Past

Clues to Earth’s Past. Fossils. Remains, imprints, or traces of prehistoric organism. Permineralized remains. Fossils where the spaces inside are filled with minerals. Carbon Film. A flim of carbon can form around an organism creating a silhouette. Mold-Cast.

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Clues to Earth’s Past

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  1. Clues to Earth’s Past

  2. Fossils • Remains, imprints, or traces of prehistoric organism.

  3. Permineralized remains • Fossils where the spaces inside are filled with minerals

  4. Carbon Film • A flim of carbon can form around an organism creating a silhouette

  5. Mold-Cast • Mold- imprint left after hard parts of organism decay • Cast- a copy of organism made from the mold

  6. Trace Fossils • Fossils that are evidence of organisms activity (not organism itself) • Such as: • Tracks/footprints • Burrows • Trails

  7. Index Fossils • Abundant, widespread organisms that existed for a SHORT period of time.

  8. Principle of Superposition • In undisturbed layers of rock, the oldest rocks are found at the bottom, with the rocks becoming younger towards the top.

  9. Relative Age • Relative age is how old a rock or fossil is in COMPARISON to the ages of other things.

  10. Igneous Intrusion • when an igneous intrusion cuts across a formation of rock, it can be determined that the igneous intrusion is younger than the rock it’s cutting through.

  11. Unconformities • Unconformities are when layers of rock are missing • Unconformities develop when running water or glaciers remove rock layers

  12. Angular • When rock layers are tilted and younger sediment layers are deposited horizontally on top of the eroded and tilted layers

  13. Disconformity • When a layer of horizontal rock is exposed and eroded before younger rocks form over it

  14. Nonconformity • When sedimentary rock forms over eroded metamorphic or igneous rock

  15. When the layers are too disturbed: • The same rock layers can be found in different locations; FOSSILS must be used to prove that the layers match up

  16. Absolute Dating • Calculating the absolute age of a rock by measuring the amounts of materials in a rock and knowing the material’s half life.

  17. Half-Life: Time it takes for half of the atoms in an isotope to decay

  18. Radioactive Decay • Breaking down of an atom into a proton and an electron.

  19. Radiometric Dating • Uses the properties of atoms in rocks and other object to determine their ages.

  20. Uniformitarianism • Principle that Earth’s processes occurring today are similar to those that occurred in the past.

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