PHP 網頁程式設計 chap 6

PHP 網頁程式設計chap 6 指導老師:黃鈴玲學生:葉冠良

outline • PHP 陣列宣告 • 一維陣列 • 結合陣列 • 陣列收尋與排序 • 字串函數

PHP 陣列宣告 • 陣列的元素儲存一種對應關係:Keys和Values $name = array("Jollen", "Paul", "Ketty"); 等於 $name[0] = "Jollen"; $name[1] = "Paul";$name[2] = "Ketty";

PHP 陣列宣告 • $row0 = array(54, 68); • $row1 = array(67, 78); • $row2 = array(89, 93);//指定一維陣列的元素 • 建立二維陣列 • $scores = array($row0, $row1, $row2);

PHP 陣列宣告 • $fruits = array( "fruits"=>array("a"=>"orange","b"=>"banana“ ,"c"=>"apple"),"numbers" => array(1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6) ); • 等於 • $fruits["fruits"]["a"] = "orange";$fruits["fruits"]["b"] = "banana";$fruits["fruits"]["c"] = "apple";$fruits["numbers"][0] = 1;$fruits["numbers"][1] = 2;$fruits["numbers"][2] = 3;$fruits["numbers"][3] = 4;$fruits["numbers"][4] = 5;$fruits["numbers"][5] = 6;

// 指定陣列元素 $tips = array(300, 240, 100, 400); $names[] = "Joe"; $names[] = "Mary"; $names[] = "Jane"; // 計算小費總和 $tips[2] = 150; // 更改陣列值 $total = 0; for ($i = 0; $i < count($tips); $i++) { echo "$i : $tips[$i] "; $total += $tips[$i]; } echo " 小費總和: ". $total. " "; // 顯示名稱清單 for ($i = 0; $i < count($names); $i++) echo "$i : $names[$i] "; 一維陣列範例 6.1.2

// 指定陣列元素 $tips = array(300, 240, 100, 400); $names = array("Joe", "Mary", "Jane"); // 計算小費總和 $total = 0; Foreach ($tips as $element) { echo "$element "; $total += $element; } echo " 小費總和: ". $total. " "; // 顯示小費 print_r($tips); echo " "; // 顯示名稱清單 print_r($names); Foreach 6.1.3

索引陣列函數應用 6.1.4 $tips = array(10, 20, 30, 30); show_array("測試陣列:",$tips); $result = array_pad($tips, -5, 40); // 擴充陣列元素 show_array("向左擴充陣列:",$result); $result = array_pad($tips, 5, 50); show_array("向右擴充陣列:",$result); $result = array_unique($tips); // 刪除重複的元素 show_array("刪除重複元素:",$result); $tips = array(10, 20, 30, 30); $offset = 2; array_splice($tips, $offset); // 刪除陣列元素 show_array("刪除位移". $offset."後的元素:",$tips); $tips = array(10, 20, 30, 30); $offset = -1; array_splice($tips, $offset); // 刪除陣列元素 show_array("刪除倒數位移". $offset."後的元素:",$tips); $tips = array(10, 20, 30, 30); $offset = 2; $len = 1; array_splice($tips, $offset, $len); // 刪除陣列元素 show_array("刪除位移". $offset."後的". $len. "個元素:",$tips); $tips = array(10, 20, 30, 30); array_splice($tips, 1, 1, array(40, 50)); // 取代陣列元素 show_array("刪除1個元素後取代陣列:",$tips); $tips = array(10, 20, 30, 30); $result = array_reverse($tips); // 反轉陣列 show_array("反轉陣列:",$result); list($var1, $var2, $var3) = $tips; // 將陣列轉換成變數 echo "0: $var1, 1: $var2, 2: $var3 "

結合陣列函數 6.2.3 $arr = array( "color" => "black", "name" => "陳會安", "shape" => "triangle", "fruit" => "apple" ); print_r(array_keys($arr)); // 顯示鍵值 echo " "; print_r(array_values($arr)); // 顯示元素值 echo " "; // 使用內部陣列指標走訪陣列 reset($arr); // 重設陣列元素到開頭 echo "第一個元素: " . current($arr) . "/". key($arr). " "; next($arr); // 下一個元素 echo "下一個元素: " . current($arr) . "/". key($arr). " "; end($arr); // 最後一個元素 echo "最後一個元素: " . current($arr) . "/". key($arr). " "; prev($arr); // 前一個元素 echo "前一個元素: " . current($arr) . "/". key($arr). " "; reset($arr); // 走訪結合陣列 while (list($key, $val) = each($arr)) echo "$key = $val "; echo " ";

$tips = array(300, 240, 50, 100, 56, 400); sort($tips); // 排序索引陣列元素 foreach($tips as $ele) // 顯示陣列元素 echo "$ele "; echo " ";// 指定陣列元素 $colors = array("d"=>"blue","a"=>"red", "b"=>"green","c"=>"white"); asort($colors); // 排序值 // 顯示陣列元素 while (list($key, $val) = each($colors)) echo "$key = $val "; echo " "; // 指定陣列元素 $fruits = array("d"=>"lemon","a"=>"orange", "b"=>"apple","c"=>"banana"); ksort($fruits); // 排序鍵值 while (list($key, $val) = each($fruits)) echo "$key = $val "; 陣列排序 6.3.2

$tips = array(300, 240, 50, 100, 56, 400); $names = array("Joe", "Mary", "Jane", "Tom"); $colors = array("d"=>"blue","a"=>"red", "b"=>"green","c"=>"white"); // in_array()函數 if (in_array("50", $tips)) { print "陣列\$tips有50 "; } if (in_array("Tom", $names)) { print "陣列\$names有Tom "; }// array_search()函數 if ( ($index = array_search("Jane", $names)) != false) { print "陣列\$names有Jane => $index ";} if ( ($k = array_search("red", $colors)) != false) { print "陣列\$colors有red => $k "; } 陣列搜尋 6.3.3

$str1 = "username@company.com.tw"; $str2 = 'C:\PHP4\Ch06'; print("測試的字串1: \"" . $str1 . "\" "); print("測試的字串2: \"" . $str2 . "\" "); // 取得ASCII碼的字元 $A = chr(65); echo "ASCII碼65是字元: $A "; echo "ASCII碼56是字元: ". chr(56). " "; // 取出子字串 $domain = substr(strstr($str1, '@'), 1); print "網域名稱 => " . $domain . " "; $dir = substr($str2, 2, 6); print "substr(\$str2, 2, 6)取得路徑 => " . $dir . " "; // 計算次數 $no = substr_count($str1, "com"); print "計算字串1中com出現的次數 => " . $no . " "; // 取代字串 $str = substr_replace($str2, "TEST", 3, 4); print "取代字串2的PHP4 => " . $str . " "; // 反轉字串 print "反轉字串1 => " . strrev($str1) . " "; // 重複字串 print "重複字串2一共2次 => " . str_repeat($str2, 2) . " "; // 將字串以分隔字元轉換成陣列 $userlist = "江小魚||陳會安||小龍女||張無忌"; print "原始字串: " . $userlist . " "; $users = explode("||", $userlist); print_r($users); // 將陣列元素輸出成字串 $user_string = implode("||", $users); print "組成的字串: " . $user_string . " "; 子字串和字元的處理 6.4.3

$d = getdate(); $date = $d["year"]."/".$d["mon"]."/".$d["mday"]; echo "日期字串: " . $date . " "; // 檢查日期格式 if (ereg("([0-9]{4})/([0-9]{1,2})/([0-9]{1,2})", $date, $regs)){ echo "日期: ".$regs[3]."-".$regs[2]."-".$regs[1]." "; echo "日期: ".$regs[0]. " "; }else echo "不合法的字串格式 "; // 分割字串 $array = split("/", $date, 3); echo "年: ". $array[0]." "; echo "月: ". $array[1]." "; echo "日: ". $array[2]." "; // 字串變數 $str = "This is a book."; print("測試的字串: \"" . $str . "\" "); if (eregi("k", $str)) // 是否擁有子字串 echo "'$str 字串擁有字元 'k' 或 'K' "; // 取代字串 $newstr = ereg_replace("is", ":", $str); echo $newstr . " "; 正規運算的字串函數 6.5.2

PHP 網頁程式設計 chap 6