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Lecture 7

Lecture 7. Inorganic Toxins. High affinity of Hb to C O. 0.1% in air. 50% in blood. <5% no symtoms 5% impared driving skills 10-20% headache 20-30% severe headache, dimness of vision 30-40% vomitting, confusion 40-50% coma, convulsions 80% death in less than hour

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Lecture 7

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  1. Lecture 7 Inorganic Toxins

  2. High affinity of Hb to CO 0.1% in air 50% in blood <5% no symtoms 5% impared driving skills 10-20% headache 20-30% severe headache, dimness of vision 30-40% vomitting, confusion 40-50% coma, convulsions 80% death in less than hour 90% death within few minutes Carbon monoxide Heavy smoker – 12%

  3. Several thousands fatalities each year: up to 2,000/year in Japan alone Determination: as COHb spectrophotometrically 2 peaks 560 nm and 530 nm are compared GC method: Replace CO with Fe(CN)64- and run GC with methane as an internal standard using TCD detector Treatment: give oxygen – maybe even at 3 atm!

  4. Non-metals NO2- Food additive, toxic onlyat high concentrations (children!) CN- Well known poison, HCN is much more poisonous than KCN. With CO, contribute to the toxicity of smokes during fires Analysis – headspace chromatography Treatment with H2SO4 releases HCN that can be collected or separated

  5. Metals Li – atomic spectroscopy Group I Be and Ba - atomic spectroscopy Group II

  6. Reinsch test On shiny copper surface from HCl-treated solution Black – As, Sb, Bi Shiny metalic – Hg (maybeAg) Marsh probe AsCl3 + 3Zn + 3HCl AsH3 + 3ZnCl2 2AsH3 2 As + 3H2 heat Gutzeit probe Metal mirror AsH3+ 3HgBr2 As(HgBr)3+3HBr

  7. Modern methods all atomic spectroscopy and mass spectroscopy Headspace sample in GC-MS, AAS, or ICP-MS NaBH4 AsH3, SbH3, Hg

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