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Chapter 9

Chapter 9. Middle Eastern Americans. Push – Pull Factors. Push Factors; From their homeland Over population Poverty Limited economic opportunities Seeking a better life. Push – Pull Factors Cont. Pull Factors; Into the United States Cultural diversity Economic opportunities

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Chapter 9

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  1. Chapter 9 Middle Eastern Americans

  2. Push – Pull Factors • Push Factors; From their homeland • Over population • Poverty • Limited economic opportunities • Seeking a better life

  3. Push – Pull Factors Cont. • Pull Factors; Into the United States • Cultural diversity • Economic opportunities • Higher standard of living • Educational opportunities • Career opportunities • Ease of rapid travel

  4. Sociohistorical Perspective • The Middle East and Central Asia (p.340) • Structural Conditions • Middle Eastern immigration follows the same pattern as other immigrants • Usually settle in urban areas • Many are trained professionals or skilled technicians – unlike Europeans in 1900s

  5. Structural Conditions • Followed chain-migration pattern of earlier immigrants • Some plan to return to their homes later, [or do they?] • Many have marketable skills, … lead to good salaries • Little incentive to assimilate, and acculturate • Obtain professional and salaried positions

  6. Structural Conditions 2 • Some Americanization does occur with the second generation • First generation does not have to make many cultural sacrifices • Early immigrants encountered some prejudice and discrimination • Ethnophaulisms, … • 9 /11 increased suspicious about Arab Americans … social distance increased

  7. Arab Americans • Arab, … a broad term covering diverse nationalities, religions, and socioeconomic backgrounds • See Table 9.1, … p. 342 (Arabic immigrants) … from 22 nations, … have many cultural differences • Over 1 million live in the United States • An urban population with most living in the North East,… Dearborn Michigan

  8. Arab Americans Cont. • 250,000 live in South Eastern Michigan • Many arrive in 1967, … Arab-Israeli war • Largest Muslim population (Dearborn, MI) • 40% of Arabs live in the North East, U.S. • 12% in the West

  9. Social Organization • Have established institutions to help preserve cultural heritage, ethnic unity and unite the community • Newspapers, radios, social and financial services • Kinship links help stabilize community life • Each month many Arab Americans send vast amounts of money to their relatives

  10. Residential Pattering • Repeated the pattern of earlier European immigrants • 91% of all Arabs are urban • Religious diversity: 34% Moslem, 30% Orthodox Christian, 25% Catholic, 10% Protestant

  11. Stereotypes • Must distinguish before 9 -11 and after • Before 9 -11 • Rarely portrayed Arabs as ordinary people • Seen as oil rich billionaires • Wrestling villain, … Abdullah the Butcher … Ali Boo-Boo

  12. Overcoming Stereotypes • Had to dissociate themselves from terrorism • Some Anti-Arab reactions after 9 –11 • Sporadic acts of violence • No calls for actions similar to that taken against the Japanese after Pearl Harbor • Many first generation Arabs found their loyalties questioned

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