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Plankton, Viruses, Glycosphingolipids : Interactions

Plankton, Viruses, Glycosphingolipids : Interactions. Coccolithophores. Unicellular Most abundant species = Emiliana huxleyi Found in temperate, subtropical, and tropical oceans I mportant part of the planktonic base of marine food webs Forms extensive blooms.

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Plankton, Viruses, Glycosphingolipids : Interactions

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  1. Plankton, Viruses, Glycosphingolipids: Interactions

  2. Coccolithophores • Unicellular • Most abundant species = Emilianahuxleyi • Found in temperate, subtropical, and tropical oceans • Important part of the planktonic base of marine food webs • Forms extensive blooms

  3. What patterns do you see in this satellite image ofcoccolithophores (teal green)?

  4. Phytoplankton and Viruses • Phytoplankton abundance = regulated by interactions of: • abiotic factors (e.g., nutrients and light availability) • biotic factors (e.g., grazers and viruses). • E. huxleyiform massive annual spring blooms that are routinely terminated bycoccolithoviruses.

  5. Glycosphingolipids (GSL) • A type of lipid that has a carbohydrate attached. • Found on outer surface of cell membranes for all organisms…aka both phytoplankton and viruses have them. • Act as markers for cell recognition. • Virus GSLstrigger a cell-signaling pathway that results in the Programmed Cell Death of the host cell.

  6. Brainstorm How can scientists use the information about: • the presence ofGSLsin both phytoplankton and virus cells • the fact that viruses often terminate a bloom of phytoplankton to investigate the infection success of viruses in a phytoplankton bloom?

  7. Abundance Data Challenge Challenge = • What patterns do you notice in the abundance of the two groups? • What hypothesis can you draw as to why the groups demonstrate this pattern?

  8. Abundance Data Challenge Challenge = • What patterns do you notice in the abundance of the two groups? • What hypothesis can you draw as to why the groups demonstrate this pattern? • Draw on your data visualization the pattern in abundance of the other dataset based upon the patterns in your dataset? Datasets: (1) Phytoplankton & Virus (2) Host GSL & Virus GSL

  9. Phytoplankton and Virus Abundances Phytoplankton Virus Abundance Time (days)

  10. Host GSL and Virus GSL Abundances Host GSL Virus GSL Abundance Time (days)

  11. Phytoplankton, Virus, and GSL Abundances Phytoplankton Virus Host GSL Virus GSL Abundance Time (days)

  12. Phytoplankton, Virus, and GSL Abundances How does the abundance of phytoplankton and viruses compare over time? Phytoplankton Virus Host GSL Virus GSL Abundance Time (days)

  13. Phytoplankton, Virus, and GSL Abundances How do scientists use the presence and absence ofGSLs to understand the interaction between phytoplankton and viruses? Phytoplankton Virus Host GSL Virus GSL Abundance Time (days)

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