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Premolars

Premolars. Position of Premolars. Posterior Succedaneous teeth. Maxillary Premolars. 1 st : (#5, #12) 2 nd: (#4, #13). Eruption of Maxillary Premolars. 1 st : 10 – 11 years 2 nd : 10 – 12 years. Occlusion. Maxillary cuspids are distal to mandibular cuspids by a ½ a cusp

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Premolars

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  1. Premolars

  2. Position of Premolars • Posterior • Succedaneous teeth

  3. Maxillary Premolars • 1st : (#5, #12) • 2nd: (#4, #13)

  4. Eruption of Maxillary Premolars • 1st: 10 – 11 years • 2nd: 10 – 12 years

  5. Occlusion • Maxillary cuspids are distal to mandibular cuspids by a ½ a cusp • Maxillary premolars are distal to mandibular premolars by a ½ cusp

  6. Maxillary 1st Premolar • Mesial/distal view • CEJ straighter than anteriors • Buccal and lingual cusps centered over the root • Mesial concavity • Buccal cusp larger than lingual • Single or bifurcated root. Bifurcation more common.

  7. Maxillary 1st Premolar • Occlusal view • Point angles are sharp on buccal, rounded on lingual • More rounding on the distolingual than the mesiolingual. • Hexagontal or pentagontal outline • Bulkier on the mesial • Sharper line angles on the mesial than the distal. • Mesial marginal ridge with a mesiomarginal groove • Transverse ridge

  8. Maxillary 1st Premolar • Buccal view • Mesial view • Lingual view • Occlusal view

  9. Maxillary 1st Premolar (Lingual view) • Premolars and 1st molar: # 5, #4, #3, left to right Maxillary Right (#5)

  10. Maxillary 2nd Premolar • No mesial concavity or groove • Buccal and lingual cusps of equal size • Usually one root • Short central groove, more secondary grooves • Heavier marginal ridges Max. R 1st premolar, #5

  11. Maxillary 2nd Premolar • Occlusal view: • Cusps bulk on the mesial • Rectangular or oval occlusal table Max. R 1st premolar, #5

  12. Maxillary 2nd Premolar • Distal view: More of the occlusal table can be seen from the distal than from the mesial view. (True of 1st premolar also.) • Usually only one root, sometimes bifurcated. Distal view Mesial view

  13. Maxillary 2nd Premolar • Buccal view • Distal view • Lingual view • Occlusal view

  14. Maxillary Premolars (Buccal view) 5 Tip of the buccal cusp is distal to the midline, therefore the mesial cusp ridge is longer than the distal cusp ridge.

  15. Maxillary Premolars (Lingual view) 12 5 13 4

  16. Maxillary Premolars (Mesial/Distal) • Notice the depression on the first premolar on the mesial view. 2 roots 1 root

  17. Maxillary Premolars(Occlusal view)

  18. Mandibular Premolars • Mandibular 1st: (#21, #28) • Mandibular 2nd: (#20, #29)

  19. Mandibular Premolars • Mandibular 1st: Two cusps (Buccal and an afunctional lingual cusp) • Mandibular 2nd: Two or three cusps (One buccal, with one or two lingual cusps. Lingual cusp(s) afunctional.)

  20. Eruption of Mandibular Premolars • Mandibular 1st: 10 – 12 years of age • Mandibular 2nd: 11-12 years of age • Roots complete: 12 – 14 years of age

  21. Occlusion of Mandibular Premolars • Mandibular 1st: Maxillary cuspid and 1st premolar • Mandibular 2nd: Maxillary 1st and 2nd premolars • Lingual tipping of crowns

  22. Mandibular 1st Premolar • Two cusps: large buccal and small lingual • Mesiolingual groove • Mesial cusp ridge is shorter than distal cusp ridge • Tip of the buccal cusp is centrally located over the root Mandibular R 1st premolar

  23. Mandibular 1st Premolar Only premolar where more of the occlusal table can be seen from the mesial view, rather than the distal view Mandibular R 1st premolar

  24. Mandibular 1st Premolar • Occlusal view: • Transverse ridge (union of two triangular ridges) • Pits • Diamond-shaped or triangular shaped Mandibular R 1st premolar

  25. Mandibular 1st Premolar (Left) • Buccal view • Mesial view • Lingual view • Occlusal view

  26. Mandibular 2nd Premolar • Two or three cusps • Buccal cusp is the largest • In a 3 cusp form: ML is the second largest, DL is the smallest • Bulks to the mesial • Square or rectangular occlusal table Mandibular R 2nd premolar

  27. Mandibular 2nd Premolar • Occlusal view • Y shape: B, ML, DL • H shape: B, L • U shape: B, L • Most common Mandibular R 2nd premolar

  28. Mandibular 2nd Premolar (Right) • A. Buccal view • B. Occlusal view • C. Distal view

  29. Mandibular Premolars (Buccal view)

  30. Mandibular Premolars (Lingual view)

  31. Mandibular Right Premolars (Mesial/Distal View)

  32. Mandibular 2nd Premolars(Occlusal view)

  33. References Woelfel and Scheid. Dental Anatomy, 6th Edition. Lippencott, Williams, and Wilkins, 2002, p. 148 - 174. Brand and Isselhard. Anatomy of Orofacial Structures, 6th Edition. Chapter 32 (p. 400 – 425), 7th Edition. Chapter 14 (p. 146 – 165). http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=524GZfAQWyQ http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ffz_P-eeR9o

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