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Medications

Medications . Insulin. Without Insulin. With Treatment of Insulin. Insulin Molecule . History of Insulin . ?????????. Insulin Syringes. Sterilized before each use Needles needed to be sharpened. Why is Insulin So Important ?….

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Medications

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  1. Medications Insulin

  2. Without Insulin

  3. With Treatment of Insulin

  4. Insulin Molecule

  5. History of Insulin

  6. ?????????

  7. Insulin Syringes • Sterilized before each use • Needles needed to be sharpened

  8. Why is Insulin So Important?… Insulin is like a key that opens up the door and allows the sugar to get out of the blood and inside the cell where the cell can “burn” the fuel for energy! KDPCP (Kentucky Diabetes Prevention and Control Program) 2011

  9. Why is Insulin So Important?… If the sugar stayed in your blood – it doesn’t do your cells (body) any good. The sugar has to get inside the cells for the body to use it. KDPCP (Kentucky Diabetes Prevention and Control Program) 2011

  10. Insulin in Schools Today • Most student need to take insulin in school • Insulin dosing varies from student to student and change over time • Student's needs for assistance will vary as the student progresses in self- management • Insulin dosing and timing will be specified by the treating physician • May include provisions for the parent/student who are capable to modify dosing

  11. Vocabulary • Target Range: • A range of numbers that represents and individual’s ideal blood glucose level • Determined by health care team with the individual child and their family

  12. Vocabulary • Basal Insulin: • Sometimes called “background” insulin • The insulin that is working steadily throughout the day

  13. Vocabulary • Bolus Insulin • A single does of insulin, given for one of two reasons • Carb/Meal/Snack Bolus: insulin dosed when food is eaten • Correction Bolus: insulin dosed when blood glucose level is too high and needs to be corrected/made lower

  14. Insulin's • Classified by action - onset, peak and duration: • Rapid (bolus/meal) • Short action • Intermediate • Long acting (basal) • There are also mixtures

  15. Insulin Action Times

  16. Insulin Types Rapid-acting - Humalog ®, Novolog ®, Apidra Short-acting - Regular Intermediate - NPH Long-acting - Glargine (Lantus), Detemir (Levemir)

  17. Basal and Bolus Insulin B’fast Lunch Dinner Snack

  18. Where to Give Insulin: On Target! • Inject into fat layer under skin • Rotate sites • Student should choose site • Common sites: abdomen, thigh buttocks, upper arms

  19. Insulin Delivery Methods • Insulin Syringe • Insulin Pen • Insulin Pump or Pod • Jet Injector

  20. Insulin Syringes • U-30 • U-50 • U-100 • One time one person use only!

  21. Insulin Pens CDC just sent an Alert: PENS are one person specific in use

  22. Types of Pens

  23. Insulin Pumps/Pods

  24. Insulin Pens • Techniques for dosing and insulin delivery are similar for both types of pen devices: • Prefilled pens • Reusable (cartridge) pens • Both long-acting or basal insulin and rapid-acting or bolus insulin are available in pens • Most students will only take rapid-acting or bolus insulin in school

  25. Insulin Pen: Preparation 1. Gather supplies. Verify insulin type • pen device (with cartridge) • pen needle 2. Have student chose injection site 3. Clean injection site 4. Screw on pen needle

  26. Insulin Pen: Dosing 5. Prime: Dial “2” units. If the pen is being used for the first time, prime 4-6 units as per manufacturer’s instruction 6. Hold upright. Remove air by pressing the plunger. Repeat “Prime” if no insulin shows at end of needle 7. Dial number of units to be administered as per Health Care Plan

  27. Insulin Pen: Injecting 8. Administer the injection 9. Push down on the plunger 10. Count to “5” 11. Remove and dispose of pen needle 12. Complete the needed documentation

  28. Oral Medications • Metformin • Approved for use in children 10-16 years of age with type 2 • Two common side effects • Diarrhea • Nausea • Low risk of causing hypoglycemia

  29. Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) • Ovulation Abnormality • Metformin can normalize the abnormality thus higher risk for unplanned pregnancy

  30. Vital Components • Student and parent education • Family support

  31. Presentation Resources • ADA Diabetes Care in the School and Day Care Setting, Diabetes Care, January 2012 • The Art and Science of Diabetes Self-Management Education Desk Reference, 2011 • KY Diabetes Prevention and Control Program, Diabetes Basics Presentation, 2011 • KY Diabetes Prevention and Control Staff • National Association of School Nurses KDPCP (Kentucky Diabetes Prevention and Control Program) 2011

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