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Effect of SciELO Open Access on Brazilian Scientific Journals

Effect of SciELO Open Access on Brazilian Scientific Journals. Lewis Joel Greene E ditor, Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research Professor Titular, Depto. Biologia Celular, Molecular e Bioagentes Patogênicos Fac. Medicina de Ribeirão Preto - USP ljgreene@fmrp.usp.br. Topics.

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Effect of SciELO Open Access on Brazilian Scientific Journals

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  1. Effect of SciELO Open Access on Brazilian Scientific Journals Lewis Joel Greene Editor, Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research Professor Titular, Depto. Biologia Celular, Molecular e Bioagentes Patogênicos Fac. Medicina de Ribeirão Preto - USP ljgreene@fmrp.usp.br

  2. Topics • Brazilian scientific journals. • Lost Science in the Third World. • Scielo Open Access • Effect of Scielo-JCR data • CAPES Portal

  3. Brazilian Scientific Journals www.scielo.br www.scielo.org • ~1300 journals titles – traditional academic, institutional and professional in all areas. • ~400 journals – functional but heterogeneous in quality and punctuality. • CNPq, an agency for supporting research, spends USD$ 7,000/year on 150 journals ≈1 million US$ • Most copies are free to society members, libraries, and are used for exchange. • Very few paid subscriptions. • Very few papers read.

  4. Scientific American, August 1995, p 76-83 • Emphasis on being excluded from ISI (JCR) indexing and citation system. • Few journals of developing countries are read in or outside their country. • Diagnosis was correct. • Remedy was not.

  5. Being indexed is not sufficient.

  6. Journal Reality: Visibility + Availability References in Journals Abstract services Indexing services Current contents PubMed, WOS (ISI) Visibility The paper in hand Reprint requests Libraries (institutional subscriptions) Traditional availability www.scielo.br www.scielo.org www.doaj.org CAPES Portal for Brazilian academics - www.capes.gov.br Open access availability

  7. Reality of Journals Published in Developed Countries • In the First World visibility and availability are linked by effective libraries supported by government grants for “overhead” to universities to pay for institutional subscriptions to journal. • This situation does not exist in developing countries. • Now Brazil has Scielo Open Access.

  8. Scientific Electronic Library On Line = SciELOSciELO-Brazil is Open Access Since 1997 www.scielo.br www.scielo.org • Digital, on-line • 176 journals in April 2007 • Peer-reviewed • No cost to reader or journal • Initiative of BIREME (WHO, OPAS) and FAPESP (State of São Paulo Research Agency) for the development of software and for maintaining the Server. • Brazilian agencies (Bireme, FAPESP, CAPES, and CNPq) pay the bill, so far.

  9. SciELO International www.scielo.org • Software is made available to other countries who use peer-review and the same entry criteria as Brazil. • Argentina(24), Chile(63), Columbia(22), Cuba(20), Spain(31), Venezuela(28), are already in the system. • In development: Costa Rica(9), Mexico(15), Peru(21), Portugal(13) and Uruguay(6) and West Indian(1). • Total with Brazil – 364 journals (April 2007).

  10. SciELO Open Access Publishing www.scielo.br • The problem: how do you inform the world scientific community that SciELO exists? How to reach it? What areas are covered? What languages are used? • Run ads in Nature and Science? The New York Times? Google?

  11. Being covered by SciELO is not sufficient!

  12. Direct Links Amplify the Penetration of SciELOwww.scielo.br, www.scielo.org • Links from PubMed (1999), the WOS (2000), DOAJ (2003), Google (2004), CrossRef (2004) connect directly to the title page of the paper in SciELO. • These links permit the 35 Brazilian journals indexed by PubMed and WOS to become easily accessible to all international scientists.

  13. How do You Measure the Effect of SciELO Open Access on Brazilian Scientific Journals? www.scielo.br.

  14. Total Number of Articles Downloaded from www.scielo.br (Includes Robots) What happened between 2003 and 2004?

  15. Total Number of Citations Data from ISI Thomson

  16. Total Number of Citations Linear Regression Data from ISI Thomson

  17. Impact Factor Data from ISI Thomson

  18. Impact Factor Linear Regression Data from ISI Thomson

  19. Immediacy Index Citations in the same year as publication Data from ISI Thomson

  20. Cited Half-Life Data from ISI Thomson

  21. Limitations of Present Data • These data are not completely satisfactory because ISI data are available for only 22 of 176 SciELO journals and only 10 are complete. • Self-comparisons such as total citations for 2004 versus 1998 for the same journal are weak.

  22. The ranking of a journal in comparison with ~4500 journals covered by JCR, in terms of a specific characteristic, can provide useful information about the effect of SciELO on these journals. • A low percentage in this context indicates a high position in the rank order and is good.

  23. Effect of SciELO on the Ranking of the Braz. J. Med. Biol. Res. in relation to all other journals covered by JCR. Data from: ISI-Thomson Total Citation 28% 58% N = 4000 ~ 4500 Passed 1275 journals (30×42.5 ) 1993 2004

  24. Braz. J. Med. Biol. Res. - Total Citations Rank in JCR Before and After SciELO Scielo PubMed WEB DOAJ 58% 28% N = 4000-4500 Year Data from ISI Thomson

  25. Braz. J. Med. Biol. Res. - Impact Factor Rank in JCR Before and After SciELO. WEB 76% 56% 850 journals Scielo PubMed DOAJ N = 4000-4500 Data from ISI Thomson Year

  26. Rank in JCR Before and After SciELO. Journals

  27. www.scielo.org www.scielo.br • SciELO OPEN ACCESS increased the readership and citations of some scientific journals published in Brazil, but not to the same extent for all. • Until now visits to and downloads from SciELO are to a large extent Brazilian and show a high prevalence of users who speak Latin languages. • SciELO must increase its penetration of the international community (www.scielo.org) and inform the rest of world that ~50% of the texts are in English. • www.scielo.org is an international consortium of countries who speak Latin languages and we would expect them to have the same experience as Brazil.

  28. CAPES Portal • Open Access for Brazilian university professors, post-graduate students and undergraduate students. • 10,377 international journals and links to SciELO. • 151 databases. • 181 institutions with courses in post-graduation. • ≈ 1.3 million academics have access to this restricted form of open access.

  29. CAPES Portal • 34 million dollars – paid by CAPES (Agency responsible for Post-Graduation, Ministry of Education) in 2005. • 27 million accesses to complete texts in 2005. • USD$ 1.26 per access to complete text rather than US$ 25-US$ 60. • USD$ 0.35 per access to data banks.

  30. CAPES Portal • CAPES PORTAL and SciELO complement each other by providing Open Access to the international and national literature, respectively. • Before the CAPES Portal (1995) Brazilian scientists were always 1-2 years behind in the international literature. • Now we and our students can read a paper the day it goes on-line at the same time as other scientists through out the world. • A form of “open access” limited to 1,000,000 Brazilian academics.

  31. Many thanks to Abel Packer, Adalberto Tardelli, Regina C.F. Castro and Rogério Meneghini (BIREME), James Testa (ISI-Thomson) for making data available to me and Clarice Izumi and André R. Abrahão (Faculty of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo) for assistance in the preparation of this presentation.

  32. Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research

  33. Campus of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo

  34. If you haven’t heard, Brazil will be hexa champion in 2010.

  35. THANK YOU!

  36. Total Number of Articles Downloaded by Country in 2005 (www.scielo.br)

  37. National versus International Scientific Journals The best Brazilian science is published in high impact international journals.

  38. South Korea Brazil Argentina Chile Number of Research Articles Indexed by ISI

  39. Why Publish National Scientific Journals • Memory of national scientific production. • To inform scientists and society of progress in science. • To define and implement criteria of quality for doing science and publishing science.

  40. Why Publish National Scientific Journals • To communicate the results ofresearch of national or regional interest. • To communicate the results of Brazilian research to the rest of the world. • To stimulate the development and consolidation of research areas in Brazil.

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