1 / 21

Crystals

Crystals. The 7 different types of Crystals. Cubic (Isometric) Crystals Not always shaped like a cube Isometric – three sides with the same length, height and breadth Can be shaped like a octahedron (8 sides) or dodecahedron (12 sides)

sharla
Download Presentation

Crystals

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Crystals

  2. The 7 different types of Crystals

  3. Cubic (Isometric) Crystals • Not always shaped like a cube • Isometric – three sideswith the same length, height and breadth • Can be shaped like a octahedron (8 sides) or dodecahedron (12 sides) • Salt is an example of a cubic crystal found in natural crystals ThinkQuest, 2013 http://library.thinkquest.org/C005277/Crystal.html Gardiner, 2007 http://www.windows2universe.org/earth/geology/crystal_shapes2.html

  4. Crystals with cubic (Isometric) structures Carrollite, Calcite Pyrite http://www.mindat.org/photo-364349.html http://www.mindat.org/photo-200876.html Fluorite http://www.mindat.org/photo-347085.html

  5. Trigonal Crystals • Four axes, with three that are equal in length and one that is longer/shorter • Similar to hexagonal crystals due to its physical shape, except trigonal structure is less defined • Quartz is one of the most common forms of trigonal crystals The Natural Saphire Company, 2013 http://www.thenaturalsapphirecompany.com/education/related-information/trigonal-crystals/ ThinkQuest, 2013 http://library.thinkquest.org/C005277/Crystal.html

  6. Examples of crystals with trigonal structure Ikranite Quartz http://www.mindat.org/photo-279048.html Magensite http://www.mindat.org/photo-456858.html http://www.mindat.org/photo-87813.html

  7. Tetragonal Crystals • When looking through a microscope there structure is very similar in shape to cubic crystals except they are longer in length • look like prisms and double-pyramids Gardiner, 2007 http://www.windows2universe.org/earth/geology/crystal_shapes2.html James, 2011 http://www.yourgemologist.com/crystalsystems.html

  8. Crystals with tetragonal structures Chantalite, Grossular Stolzite http://www.mindat.org/photo-38543.html http://www.mindat.org/photo-488253.html Sphalerite http://www.mineraltown.com/reports/7/7.php?idioma=2

  9. Monoclinic Crystals • Also form as prism shapes or double pyramids • They appear to have been titled which makes them look different to cubic and tetragonal crystals • Most common crystal structure • One of the least symmetrical structures Gardiner, 2007 http://www.windows2universe.org/earth/geology/crystal_shapes2.html James, 2011 http://www.yourgemologist.com/crystalsystems.html

  10. Crystals with monoclinic structures http://www.mindat.org/photo-173157.html Spurrite Samuelsonite http://www.mindat.org/photo-94165.html http://www.mindat.org/photo-449174.html

  11. Orthorhombic crystals • Also appear like double-pyramids (two stuck together) • Looks like tetragonal crystals, although the centre where the pyramids join is not a square Gardiner, 2007 http://www.windows2universe.org/earth/geology/crystal_shapes2.html James, 2011 http://www.yourgemologist.com/crystalsystems.html

  12. Crystals with orthorhombic structures Columbite (Mn) Adamite http://www.mindat.org/photo-6832.html http://www.mindat.org/photo-20752.html Walkerite http://www.mindat.org/photo-500205.html

  13. Hexagonal crystals • Six-sided - Looks like the hexagon shape, only in prism form • Sides may not always be even, but the crystal will still have six Gardiner, 2007 http://www.windows2universe.org/earth/geology/crystal_shapes2.html James, 2011 http://www.yourgemologist.com/crystalsystems.html

  14. Nasonite Crystals with hexagonal structures Hibonite http://www.mindat.org/photo-58813.html Milarite http://www.mindat.org/photo-169922.html http://www.mindat.org/photo-477006.html

  15. Triclinic crystals • Least symmetrical – no equal sides or angles • can be very strangely shaped Gardiner, 2007 http://www.windows2universe.org/earth/geology/crystal_shapes2.html James, 2011 http://www.yourgemologist.com/crystalsystems.html

  16. Crystals with triclinic structures Paradamite Yvonite http://www.mindat.org/photo-42400.html http://www.mindat.org/photo-478061.html Gormanite http://www.mindat.org/photo-306825.html

  17. Crystals according to their physical/ chemical properties Covalent Crystals • All the atoms share the electrons that form a bond to create a solid shape • “One big molecule” • High melting point Metallic Crystals • Individual metal atoms • Outer atoms flow freely around the structure/ shape • High melting point Campbell, 1998-2011 http://www.chemistry.co.nz/crystal_types.htm

  18. Ionic Crystals • No covalent (shared) bonds between atoms • Atoms held together by slow-moving force • Often have a hard structure, high melting point Molecular Crystals • Structure is soft, low melting point • recognizable molecules that are held together by hydrogen bonds • Sugar is a type of molecular crystal Campbell, 1998-2011 http://www.chemistry.co.nz/crystal_types.htm

  19. Snowflakes • Are an interesting form of crystal, known as Ice Crystals • Formed when water freezes up in the clouds • No two snowflakes are ever the same – each have their own beautiful and unique structure • Temperature has a big influence on the shape the snowflake will be, and since temperature is always changing, different snowflakes are always created • So tiny it is only possible to see their complete structure under a microscope (Kidzworld, 2013; Maki, 1993; Science for Kids, 2013).

  20. Examples of Snowflakes http://www.its.caltech.edu/~atomic/snowcrystals/photos/photos.htm

  21. References Campbell, HA. (1998-2011). What types of Crystals are there? Kiwi Web: Australia and New Zealand. Retrieved 22 October, 2013, from http://www.chemistry.co.nz/crystal_types.htm Chao, I. and Ralph, J. (1993-2013). Minerals by Crystal Systems. Mindat.org. retrieved 22 October, 2013, from http://www.mindat.org/crystalsystems.php Gardiner, L. (2007). Shapes of Mineral Crystals. Windows 2 Universe. Retrieved 22 October, 2013, from http://www.windows2universe.org/earth/geology/crystal_shapes2.html James, R. (2011). The Seven Crystal Systems. Your Gemologist. Retrieved 22 October, 2013, from http://www.yourgemologist.com/crystalsystems.html Kidzworld. (2013). All about Snowflakes. Retrieved 21 October, 2013, from http://www.kidzworld.com/article/1587-all-about-snowflakes Libbrecht, K. G. (1999). Snow Crystal photo gallery. Snow Crystals.com. Retrieved 24 October, 2013, from http://www.its.caltech.edu/~atomic/snowcrystals/photos/photos.htm Maki, C. (1993). Snowflakes, Sugar, and Salt. Crystals up close. Learner Publications Company: Minneapolis. Science For Kids. (2013). Crystals. Ducksters. Technological Solutions. Retrieved 21 October, 2013, from http://www.ducksters.com/science/crystals.php The Natural Saphire Company. (2013). Trigonal Crystals. Retrieved 22 October, 2013, from http://www.thenaturalsapphirecompany.com/education/related-information/trigonal-crystals/ ThinkQuest. (2013). Crystal Systems. Cubic Crystals. Retrieved 22 October, 2013, from http://library.thinkquest.org/C005277/Crystal.html

More Related