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Baroque Art The Council of Trent, in which the Roman Catholic Church answered many questions of internal reform raised by both Protestants and by those who had remained inside the Catholic Church, addressed the representational arts by demanding that paintings and sculptures in church contexts should speak to the illiterate rather than to the well-informed.
The Catholic Church wanted art that would inspire and move the worshiper • It also wanted art that would “sell” the Catholic religion • Church artworks should be a clear, intelligible subject realistically interpreted in order to stimulate piety. • This was part of the reason that the artwork turned towards naturalism, becoming emotionally engaging and intense.
Baroque art is a successor to mannerism • It is grandiose • It is a three-dimensional display of life and energy • Baroque art tends to focus on Saints, the Virgin Mary, and other well known bible stories • Baroque art is characterized by great drama, rich deep color, and intense light and dark shadows
As opposed to Renaissance art, which usually showed the moment before an event took place, Baroque artists chose the most dramatic point, the moment when the action was occurring.
Rembrandt: Christ in the Storm on Lake of Galilee (1632) Dutch Artist
Not all baroque art was religious in nature. Rembrandt painted Abduction of Europa.Europa was a Phoenician woman in Greek mythology, from whom the name of the continent Europe has ultimately been taken.
The princess Europa is carried away from her companions and across the sea – by the god Jupiter in the guise of the white bull – to the distant land that would bear her name.
Peter Paul Rubens (1571-1640) • The most popular and prolific Flemish and European painter of the 17th century. • Because many of his paintings feature full-figured, voluptuous women, the word "Rubenesque" (meaning plump or fleshy, yet not "fat," and used exclusively to describe women) is derived from his last name.
Peter Paul Rubens: Allegory on Charles V as Ruler of the WorldFlemish Painter
Gianlorenzo Bernini (1598-1690)Italian Artist • Sculptor • Architect • Roman fountains, part public works and part Papal monuments, were among his most gifted creations • Also revolutionized marble busts, lending glamorous dynamism to once stony stillness of portraiture.
Bernini: David (1623-1624)Considered to be among the first truly baroque statues. Note that David is poised to throw the rock.
German Baroque ArchitectureKaisersaal, or Emperor’s Hall, of the Residenz, shown on next slide, is an oval reception room with a domed ceiling and frescoes painted by Italian master Giovanni Battista Tiepolo. (1700s)
French Baroque Architecture: Palace of Versailles • Built 1660-1685 In the Hall of Mirrors: • The German Empire was proclaimed on January 18, 1871 following the defeat of France in the Franco-Prussian War. • It was also here that Germany signed the 1919 Treaty of Versailles, officially ending World War I.
Versailles: Hall of MirrorsLocated on the first floor of the palace, it takes its name from the 357 LARGE mirrorsthat face windows on an opposite wall.