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Concentration of Solutions

Concentration of Solutions. Spring Semester, 2013 Mrs. L. Fox. Concentration. The amount of a dissolved substance occupying a given volume of the solution. Dilute Solutions. Contain few solute molecules. Concentrated Solutions. Contain many solute molecules. Molarity.

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Concentration of Solutions

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  1. Concentration of Solutions Spring Semester, 2013 Mrs. L. Fox

  2. Concentration • The amount of a dissolved substance occupying a given volume of the solution

  3. Dilute Solutions • Contain few solute molecules

  4. Concentrated Solutions • Contain many solute molecules

  5. Molarity • The number of moles of solute dissolved in 1 liter of solution • Symbol is M • Units are mol/L • A solution that is 0.75 M KCl • Contains 0.75 mols of KCl in every liter

  6. Make 1 liter of a 0.75 M solution of KCl • Calculate the molar mass of KCl • 1 mol K = 39.10 g/mol • 1 mol Cl = 35.45 g/mol • 1 mol KCl = 39.10 + 35.45 = 74.55 gKCl/mol

  7. Convert the molarity to the sample mass required 0.75 M KCl = 0.75 molsKCl/L * 74.55 g/mol = 55.91 gKCl/L You need to add 55.91 g of KCl to 1 liter of water to make 0.75 M KCl solution

  8. What if you want a smaller amount? To make 150 mL 55.91 g/L * 1 L/1000 mL * 150 mL = 8.39 gKCl

  9. Molarity Calculations M = # mol solute/# L solution

  10. What is the molarity of an aqueous solution containing 40.0 g of glucose (C6H12O6) in 1.5 L of solution?

  11. What is the molarity of a bleach solution containing 9.5 g of NaOCl per liter of bleach?

  12. Calculate the molarity of 1.60 L of a solution containing 1.55 g of dissolved KBr.

  13. Diluting Stock Solutions • Sometimes, the molarity of a solution is not what you want • You have to dilute the solution to get the molarity you do want • For that, you use • M1V1 = M2V2 (In Chem Reference Sheet)

  14. What volume would you use to make 0.50 L of 0.300 M CaCl2 solution?

  15. 21) What volume of a 3.00 M KI solution would make 0.300 L of a 1.25 M solution?

  16. How many mL of 5.0M solution to prepare 100.0mL of 0.25 M H2SO4?

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