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Music therapy in moderate and severe dementia of Alzheimer’s type: a case-control study

Music therapy in moderate and severe dementia of Alzheimer’s type: a case-control study. H.B. Svansdottir and J. Snaedal Geriatric Department, Landspitali University Hospital, Reykjavik, Iceland. Introduction. Some key terms! Music therapy

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Music therapy in moderate and severe dementia of Alzheimer’s type: a case-control study

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  1. Music therapy in moderate and severe dementia of Alzheimer’s type: a case-control study H.B. Svansdottir and J. Snaedal Geriatric Department, Landspitali University Hospital, Reykjavik, Iceland

  2. Introduction Some key terms! • Music therapy • Alzheimer’s disease OR Senile Dementia of the Alzheimer’s type • BEHAVE-AD = Behaviour Pathology in Alzheimer’s Disease Rating Scale • BPSD = Behavioural and Psychological Symptoms of Dementia • ICD-10 = International Classification of Diseases • Global Deterioration Scale • Case-control study

  3. Methods • Initial (n = 47)  Music therapy group (n = 20)  Control group (n = 18) • Control Group • No change in care, evaluated at same time as MT group • Music Therapy Group • 30 minute sessions: 3x/week for 6 weeks • Evaluation of symptoms via BEHAVE-AD scale • Following 4 weeks – NO therapy • Evaluation of symptoms via BEHAVE-AD scale

  4. Results Combined symptoms Aggressiveness, *activity disturbance + anxiety Activity disturbance alone

  5. Discussion • Strengths • Comparability of groups • Limitations • Qualitative benefits of music therapy • Patient • Nursing home staff • Other studies • Other factors

  6. Conclusion • Music therapy is a safe and effective method for treating agitation and anxiety in moderately severe and severe AD

  7. Thoughts... • Combination of music and drug therapy... • Different types of music? Music therapy? • Longer research period... • Longer music therapy sessions • More frequent music therapy sessions • MT have stronger effects in certain cultures?

  8. Thanks for listening! Questions/comments welcome. Please see: http://www.musictherapy.ca/musictherapy.htm for more information on this topic and what music therapy is being used for!

  9. Abstract Background: Music therapy is a potential non-pharmacological treatment for the behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia, but although some studies have found it to be helpful, most are small and uncontrolled. Methods: This case–control study was carried out by qualified music therapists in two nursing homes and two psychogeriatric wards. The participants were 38 patients with moderate or severe Alzheimer’s disease (AD) assigned randomly to a music therapy group and a control group. Results: The study showed a significant reduction in activity disturbances in the music therapy group during a 6-week period measured with the Behavior Pathology in Alzheimer’s Disease Rating Scale (BEHAVE-AD). There was also a significant reduction in the sum of scores of activity disturbances, aggressiveness and anxiety. Other symptoms rated by subscales of the BEHAVE-AD did not decrease significantly. Four weeks later the effects had mostly disappeared. Conclusions: Music therapy is a safe and effective method for treating agitation and anxiety in moderately severe and severe AD. This is in line with the results of some non-controlled studies on music therapy in dementia.

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