Chapter 6, Lesson 1 Expanding Overseas

1. Chapter 6, Lesson 1Expanding Overseas Mr. Julian’s 5th Grade Class

2. Gotta Know • What were the causes and events of the Spanish-American War?

3. Places • Hawaii • Puerto Rico • Cuba • Panama Canal

4. People • William Seward • Lilliuokalani - Lilly • Theodore Roosevelt • Walter Reed • John Stevens

5. Vocabulary • Yellow journalism • Spanish-American War • Rough Riders • Buffalo Soldiers • Isthmus

6. Alaska • Russia wanted to sell Alaska for $0.02 per acre. • They were afraid they would lose the land, so they decided to sell it. • William Seward wanted to see the U.S. grow. • Due to the Civil War, Seward had to wait on Alaska.

7. Alaska • On March 30, 1867, the U.S. would buy Alaska for $7.2 million in gold. • The U.S. Senate approved the sale in April 1867, and the House the following year. • Most Americans thought it was a foolish purchase. • Gold was soon discovered in Alaska, and the purchase soon seemed like a good idea.

8. Hawaii • Hawaii is a group of islands in the Pacific Ocean. • As people from Europe discovered Hawaii, they brought many tools, animals, crops,and ideas with them. • The first King of Hawaii welcomed these changes.

9. Hawaii • Lilluokalani, “Lilly” became the first queen in 1891. • She felt that Hawaii should be for Hawaiians. • Most of the foreigners were not willing to leave their profitable business. • These business owners revolted against the queen forcing her to give up her power. • In July 1898, Hawaii became annexed to the U.S.

10. Causes of the Spanish-American War • Spain’s empire had been reduced to just 2 islands, Puerto Rico and Cuba in the Western Hemisphere. • Cuba revolted against the Spanish rule. • The Cuban people lost the fight but there were many American business in Cuba as well.

11. Causes of the Spanish-American War • In January 1898, the U.S. sent the battleship U.S.S. Maine to protect the U.S. interests. • On February 15, 1898 the U.S.S. Maine exploded. • Newspapers reported that the Spanish caused the explosion. • Reporting false facts is called yellow journalism.

12. Causes of the Spanish-American War • With newspapers reporting that Spain’s responsibility in the Maine’s explosion, the American people called for action. • “Remember the Maine” could be heard throughout the land. • Congress declared war with Spain on April 25, 1898, beginning the Spanish-American War.

13. War with Spain • Spain had other colonies that the U.S. was interested in. • The U.S. first attacked the Spanish fleet in the Philippines, destroying it completely. • American’s from all over prepared for war. • Theodore Roosevelt, the assistant secretary of the navy, resigned his job to fight in the war.

14. War with Spain • Roosevelt put together a group of cowboys, Native Americans, college athletes, and rich young men. • He called his soldiers “Rough Riders.” • Another group called for service were the Buffalo Soldiers, or African American soldiers. • The American's fought the Spanish in Cuba’s tropical forest and hills.

15. War with Spain • The Spanish were defeated at the Battle of San Juan Hill. • Teddy Roosevelt’s Rough Riders were given credit for the victory but they actually did not fight in the actual battle. • The war ended in August 1898. • http://www.smplanet.com/imperialism/splendid.html

16. Results of War • The U.S. gained control of Puerto Rico, the Philippines, and Guam as a result of the victory. • Cuba earned its independence and was protected by the U.S. for a few years. • The Philippines gained its independence in 1946. • Puerto Rico and Guam remain U.S. territories.

17. Results of War • The U.S. showed that it had become a world power. • Teddy Roosevelt became very popular back home. • He was soon elected governor of New York and later became President of the United States.

18. Panama Canal • After the war Teddy Roosevelt felt that a big reason for the U.S. victory was its strong navy. • Roosevelt wanted to link the Atlantic and Pacific oceans to protect U.S. interests. • It has been decided that a canal should be built across the isthmus of Panama.

19. Panama Canal • Before any action could be taken the U.S. had to control the land. • Panama belonged to Colombia and they refused to give it up. • The U.S. helped the Panamanian people fight a revolutionary war to gain their independence from Colombia.

20. Panama Canal • Although the war was successful, Teddy Roosevelt paid $10 million to the rebels of Panama for the rights to build the canal. • These rebels did not represent the Panamanian government, an issue President Carter would have to deal with in the 1970’s.

21. Panama Canal • The second problem in building the canal was disease. • A doctor named Walter Reed discovered that mosquitoes carried many of the diseases. • Crews drained the water where mosquitoes laid their eggs.

22. Panama Canal • The last problem was the terrain of Panama. • John Stevens was hired as the project chief. • He made many improvements for the people of Panama. • On August 15, 1914 the Panama Canal opened for shipping.

23. Panama Today • The U.S. protected Panama and the canal for many years. • In 1964 the people in Panama wanted control of their own land. • They realized that the deal Teddy Roosevelt was not legal. • In the late 1970’s some people threatened to destroy the canal if Panama did not gain control of there own land. • In 1977 President Carter signed an agreement giving the Panama Canal back to it’s people in 2000.

24. Timeline • 1867 - The U.S. buys Alaska from Russia for $7.2 million • July 1898 - Hawaii was annexed by the U.S. • August 1898 - Spanish-American War ended with a U.S. victory. • 1914 - Panama Canal opened.