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Chapter 7 “ The First Republic ”

Chapter 7 “ The First Republic ”. The years between 1783 and 1789 became known as the “ Critical Period ” in United States History. The Articles of Confederation were our plan of government and had some weaknesses. Articles of Confederation. No national judiciary

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Chapter 7 “ The First Republic ”

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  1. Chapter 7 “The First Republic” The years between 1783 and 1789 became known as the “Critical Period” in United States History. The Articles of Confederation were our plan of government and had some weaknesses.

  2. Articles of Confederation • No national judiciary • No separate executive branch • Congress as sole national authority • No Congressional authority to raise troops or impose taxes • Many powers were held by the states • BUT………

  3. Land Ordinance of 1785 and Northwest Ordinance of 1787 The Northwest Territory included the present day states of Ohio, Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, and Wisconsin The Southwest Territory included the present day states of Kentucky, Tennessee, Mississippi, and Alabama

  4. Disputes between the states For many years, seven states along the Atlantic coast claimed their western boundaries extended to the Mississippi River and beyond. Some claims overlapped and there were bitter disputes Finally, the states agreed to give up their claims and western land were taken over by the United States government

  5. Land Ordinance of 1785 The acreage of the Old Northwest would be sold to help pay off national debt It was divided into 6 mile wide townships, then split into 36 mile square sections (each section had 640 acres) The sale of the 16th section of each was used to fund public schools Sale of the land The land was auctioned off by section to the highest bidder The minimum cost per acre was $1 Land companies purchased sections and divided them into smaller lots which were sold to settlers

  6. The Northwest Ordinance of 1787 A “territory”, land not yet a state, would have a temporary government chosen by Congress consisting of a governor and 3 judges When 5,000 adult males had settled in the territory, the voters could elect representatives to a legislature that would make laws for the territory When 60,000 people lived in one part of the territory, the area could ask Congress to become a state

  7. Continued: The Northwest Territory was to be eventually divided into 3, 4, or 5 states Settlers were guaranteed freedom of religion, speech and other basic rights Slavery was not permitted in the territory Towns were encouraged to establish public schools

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