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East Meets West

East Meets West. The Crusades. The Crusades: Causes. European Expansionism Agricultural advances increase food supply Capture of major areas by Muslims. Europe 1000-1100. Call for a Crusade. Urban II calls for Crusade, 1095 Objectives Drive Turks from Anatolia

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East Meets West

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  1. East Meets West The Crusades

  2. The Crusades: Causes European Expansionism • Agricultural advances increase food supply • Capture of major areas by Muslims

  3. Europe 1000-1100

  4. Call for a Crusade • Urban II calls for Crusade, 1095 • Objectives • Drive Turks from Anatolia • Provide occasion for healing Great Schism on Rome's terms • Capture Holy Land

  5. Pope Urban II Preaching a Crusade

  6. Major Events of Crusades • I Crusade 1097-1098 • Achieves all major objectives in Holy Land • Turkish threat halted, though not eliminated

  7. Major Events of Crusades • II Crusade, 1147-1148 • Military failure, discredits Crusaders as military threat • III Crusade, 1189-1191 • Well-known in literature (Robin Hood)

  8. Major Events of Crusades IV Crusade, 1199-1204 • Crusaders sack Constantinople, 1204 • Chance to heal Great Schism utterly lost.

  9. Major Events of Crusades • V Crusade 1218-1219 • Crusaders try to conquer Egypt • VI Crusade 1229 • Frederick II of Germany did little fighting and a lot of negotiation which he was criticized for • Treaty gave the Crusaders Jerusalem and all the other holy cities and a truce of ten years

  10. Major Events of Crusades • VII Crusade 1248-1254 • Led by Louis IX of France • Nearly an exact repeat of the Fifth Crusade • VIII Crusade 1270 • Led by Louis IX of France • The last Crusader cities on the mainland of Palestine fell in 1291

  11. Crusades died out • Lack of interest, rising European prosperity • Repeated military defeats • Discredited by "crusades" against Christians

  12. Effects of Crusades • Vast increase in culture for many Europeans. • Stimulated Mediterranean trade. • Led to development of banking techniques. • Rise of the use of coats of arms • Romantic and imaginative literature.

  13. Effects of Crusades • Knowledge introduced to Europe • Heavy stone masonry, construction of castles and stone churches. • Siege technology, tunneling, sapping. • Moslem minarets adopted as church spires • Weakening of nobility, rise of merchant classes • Europe was greatly influenced by the “East”, but had little to give in return.

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